The Children's English and Services Study was a project designed to assess the bilingual education needs of limited English speaking children in the United States. The submission of a draft final report prompted the present report from the sponsoring organization, in which various methodological procedures are questioned and recommendations are made for the revision of the final report. The three analytical issues involved are: (1) were the items selected for inclusion in the Language...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Evaluation Methods, Language Proficiency, Testing
This document consists of the first four issues of a quarterly newsletter devoted to providing assistance to refugee service provisions across the United States in regard to English Language Training. Articles include the following: nature and national activities of the English Language Training Technical Assistance Project (ELT/TA); profiles of the organizations acting in partnership with the project; the National Clearinghouse on English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) Literacy Education;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Design, English (Second Language),...
This guide outlines a curriculum designed to provide English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) life-skills instruction for refugees in the Chicago metropolitan area, concentrating on the Level One survival skills. Non-Southeast Asians account for more than half of those served, all of whom receive, or are at risk of receiving, public assistance. Most are aged 25-40 years, and two-thirds have been in the United States for longer than 6 months. Approximately 50% have 0-3 years of education in their own...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Check Lists, Competency Based Education, Curriculum Guides, Daily Living Skills,...
Any employment-related English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) program, whether conducted on the job or as pre-employment training, results from five steps: conducting a need analysis of the language and cultural awareness needed to perform successfully in the workplace; developing a curriculum, based on objectives, that identifies and prioritizes tasks and skills for verbal interaction on the job; planning instruction; determining instructional strategies that keep the class focused on objectives...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Development, English (Second Language), Inplant Programs, Program Design,...
A discussion of English as a Second Language (ESL) in the workplace looks at current challenges and future educational needs. It begins with an overview of adult immigrant demographics in the United States and federal government conclusions about the kinds of skills needed by this population. Challenges facing immigrant workplace education are then reviewed. They include the volume of services needed, fragmentation of service delivery, reluctance to offer ESL in the workplace when it is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demography, Education Work Relationship, Employment Potential, English (Second...
The three issues of the periodic newsletter contain professional news, program descriptions, and articles addressing issues in English language training for limited-English-proficient workers. Topics include educating refugees and immigrants for work, techniques for combining language development with career awareness, the design of a successful welfare-to-work program, and several conferences on employment-focused adult education. (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education) (MSE)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Career Awareness, Education Work Relationship, Employment Potential,...
THIS SURVEY IS AN OVERVIEW OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA FROM PRIMARY SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY. THE INTRODUCTION PROVIDES A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LINGUISTIC AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF THE COUNTRY. THE FOLLOWING CHAPTERS DEAL WITH THE PRIMARY SCHOOL, POSTPRIMARY WORK, THE SECONDARY SCHOOL, THE TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN ZARIA, AND CURRENT EXPERIMENTS AND FUTURE NEEDS. SPECIFIC MENTION IS MADE OF THE "STRAIGHT FOR ENGLISH" AND...
Topics: ERIC Archive, African Culture, Educational Facilities, Educational Objectives, English (Second...
The author discusses the grouping of meaning concepts into a system of the general and the specific as a logical and effective way of approaching language phenomena. Miller's utilization theory provides a model for setting up categories; Mandler's hierarchical adjustment, a model for establishing hierarchical order. The author hypothesizes a "repositioning" or refocusing process for using the categories. The ability to reposition our thinking permits us "logically" to let...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Concept Formation, Determiners (Languages), English (Second Language), Fundamental...
The Southwestern Cooperative Educational Laboratory is currently field testing a set of instructional materials for teaching English language speaking and listening skills in preschool and first grade classes. The Oral Language Program (OLP) is directed at providing non-English speaking youngsters with a fluent, independent speaking ability in English and with facility in understanding spoken English considered prerequisite to formal reading instruction. It is designed for use daily by one...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, English Curriculum, English (Second Language),...
The uneven but continuing emigration of Soviet Jews since 1972 has been brought about by government policies that are all but openly anti-Semitic. More than 80,000 of these refugees have settled in the United States, many in New York City. They come from a population that is highly urbanized and well educated. Most speak Russian but identify themselves as Jews, even though only a minority maintain active contact with their religion. Their history in the Soviet Union is long and complex, with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Contrastive Linguistics, Cultural Background, English (Second Language), History,...
The study characterizes American Indian youth as bilingual students who have not reached a high level of skill in English, the language in which they are receiving their instruction. It is pointed out that the methods employed and the special materials used to teach English as a second language have not been successful, perhaps as a result of lack of motivation. It is noted that there are 2 significant types of motivation in successful language learning: (1) instrumental, in which the student...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, Achievement, American Indians, Attitudes, Education, English (Second...
Many films are based on novels. However, each of them uses different ways to tell the similar stories. The paper discusses the differences from several aspects in terms of their nature, ways of narration, as well as the effect they bring about. It mainly focuses on the special benefits of using films in English language teaching. Finally, a sample film-based activity which could be used to enhance language classroom is illustrated.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Films, English (Second Language), Novels, Comparative Analysis, Narration, Bao, Bo
The manner in which English is being nativized in Europe is examined by focusing on German English. The recent historical development of the nativization of English in Germany and the attitudes that foster this practice are described. Among the topics addressed are: (1) the effects of the expansion of English use on the German language itself, (2) the process of nativization, (3) who uses English and for what purposes, (4) the teaching of English in West Germany, (5) communicative competence,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Dialects, English (Second Language), Language Attitudes, Language Usage, Language...
Approximately 350 books and articles are included in this unannotated bibliography on computer-assisted instruction (CAI) for English. The bibliography is part of a research project supported by the Doshisha University (Kyoto, Japan) Research Fund (1991-1992). Journals covered include the "CALICO Journal,""Computers and the Humanities,""CAELL Journal,""Modern Language Journal,""Foreign Language Annals,""SYSTEM,""JALT...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computer Assisted Instruction, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Second...
Between 1980 and 1990, the total number of Asian, Hispanic, American Indian, and foreign undergraduates increased by more than 50% at public, private, 4-year and 2-year colleges. Many of these students may be of limited English proficiency, suggesting that the traditional science lecture/lab format may need modification to incorporate the theory of second language acquisition as it pertains to the practice of content instruction. Various methods exist to improve science instruction for limited...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Higher Education, Limited English Speaking, Science...
Transitivity in the English verb is examined from the perspectives of the linguistic theorist and the second language instructor. English verbs can be assigned to one of six categories: pure intransitives, causative-inchoative verbs, psych-movement verbs, cross-classification verbs, direct object deletions, and pure transitives. Both syntacticians and English as a second language teachers face theoretical problems in determing the boundaries between these categories and defining membership in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Linguistic Theory, Second Language Instruction, Syntax,...
It is asserted that the optimum method of describing the stages of an interlanguage (IL) and the development of learner competency toward the target language (TL) is one of self-analysis and subsequent reanalysis. A nine-page letter written by a native speaker of German in 1987 is compared with her correction of the letter in 1991. Analyses indicate that, while some stabilized idiosyncrasies originate in interlingual identifications, and some corrections are toward target language norms, others...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Error Analysis (Language), German,...
Key elements that affect pronunciation are outlined in this supplement to an adult literacy newsletter. Emphasis is on what students need to know about sounds, stress, intonation, and fluency in order to improve their spoken English. Suggestions are offered for identifying students' needs. Exercises are also provided for practicing sounds, word and sentence stress, intonation, and fluency. (Contains 4 references.) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education) (LB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Intonation, Language Fluency,...
This paper discusses two influential studies on relative clauses (RC), and addresses the development of relative clauses in the interlanguage of advanced Chinese English-as-a-Second-Language speakers in light of the theory of Accessibility Hierarchy (AH). As the two theories predict, avoidance of RCs is typically found with oblique and genitive rather than with objects or subjects of RCs. Error types are similar to those found for learners of other first-language backgrounds. The use of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Chinese, English (Second Language), Error Patterns, Interlanguage, Linguistic Theory,...
This digest provides general information on obtaining English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teaching positions abroad. The considerations involved in teaching EFL abroad and the qualifications needed for teaching EFL in various countries are outlined, and general information sources on EFL employment opportunities are listed and described. A section on opportunities for teaching in international schools, as well as a section listing addresses of various additional sources of overseas teaching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Opportunities, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language...
This brief work stands against a four-year stretch of writing classes at Northern Virginia Community College, with the author teaching English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students how to write academic essays. The courses taught have included high intermediate and advanced writers, many of whom plan to earn a degree at the college or any number of four-year schools around Virginia. For these non-native writers, the clarity expressed by Dr. Seuss's Horton is often a foreign experience: these...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Writing Instruction, Community...
The teaching of Standard English as a second dialect is discussed from the viewpoints of authors who oppose it as well as of authors who support it. (DB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Linguistics, Nonstandard Dialects, TENL, Hoffman, Melvin J.
The purpose of this guide is to provide Americans who are teaching English to the Hmongs with a set of pronunciation lessons. These lessons are geared both to the particular problems Hmong speakers have in learning English, and to the particular pedagogical problems involved in teaching pronunciation to students who are for the most part illiterate in their native language. The 28 lessons deal with specific sounds. Teaching hints are offered, and list of sources for further reference is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian Americans, English (Second Language), Illiteracy, Indochinese, Pronunciation...
Current views of the writing process are explored, and implications are drawn from them for the teaching of writing skills in the second language class. Certain psychological processes seem to be common to most writing tasks, namely: (1) the conception stage; (2) the incubation stage, in which two mental processes are at work getting the facts and arriving at a synthesis in terms of the writer's own thinking; and (3) the production, or actual writing stage. A final element that could be added...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Postsecondary Education, Second Language Instruction,...
The Test of Written English (TWE), administered with certain designated examinations of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), consists of a single essay prompt to which examinees have 30 minutes to respond. Questions have been raised about the comparability of different TWE prompts. This study was designed to elicit essays for prompts that differed both in subject matter (topic) and in level of explicitness with which the essay task was presented (topic type). Eight different...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Charts, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Essay Tests, Graphs,...
This study considers two questions: (1) Who are the functional illiterates in the Reno-Sparks area? and (2) How can they be brought into the adult basic education program if they are not at present enrolled? A survey was made of the area to obtain statistical information concerning the functional illiterates. A compilation of the statistics is presented in tables, as are estimates of the number of functional illiterates. Recommendations are that: (1) publicity of the English Second Language and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Educational Objectives, English (Second Language), Functional...
A DISCUSSION OF THE BASIC TENETS OF TEACHING ENGLISH GRAMMAR TO NONNATIVE SPEAKERS, AS FOLLOWED IN THE ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL) PROGRAM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES, IS PRESENTED IN THIS PAPER. THE INTRODUCTION OF GRAMMAR POINTS TO BE PRACTICED AND THE GENERALIZATION PROCESS WHICH FOLLOWS ARE DESCRIBED IN NONTECHNICAL LANGUAGE. VARIOUS TYPES OF DRILLS ILLUSTRATE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GRAMMAR LESSON. PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE IS GIVEN TO THE AGE LEVELS OF THE STUDENTS AS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Grammar, Oral English, Pattern Drills (Language), Second...
A research project is discussed involving the collection of production data from writing samples of 375 adult learners of English divided equally among five language backgrounds: Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, Persian, and Spanish. Information is presented about three constructions: (1) subject relative clause, (2) infinitival complement on verb, and (3) passive construction. For each structure, total production, total error production, and error types are analyzed. Three error type characteristics...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Classification, English (Second Language), Error Analysis (Language), Error...
These English Language Proficiency Test Pictures were prepared for the Curriculum Improvement Program in English Language Skills for Schools of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. For a description of the Program and other tests used in the Program, see AL 002 134. (AMM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Equivalency Tests, Instructional Materials, Language...
An annotated bibliography of articles, dissertations, papers, and books written since 1983 on the teaching of composition to students of English-as-a-Second-Language contains 84 citations. The list includes ERIC document numbers and Dissertation Abstracts numbers. (MSE)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, English (Second Language), Information Sources, Second...
This issue focuses on workplace education and includes the following articles: "After the Grant Is Over" (Connie Nelson); "Around to Stay" (Shirley Penn and Mary Zorn); "A Conversation with FOB: What Benefits Does Workplace Ed Offer the Provider?"; "Reading Work" (Tracy Defoe and Sue Folinsbee); "Much More than ABE" (Don Block and Lori Keefer"; "Balancing the Agendas of Management, Student, and Teacher in Workplace ESOL" (Anthony...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Literacy Education, English (Second Language), Workplace Literacy, Statewide...
THIS REPORT ON NEW PROGRAMS AND ON SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS IN ONGOING PROGRAMS WAS PREPARED FOR THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SECOND LANGUAGE PROBLEMS (8TH, HEIDELBERG, GERMANY, APRIL 26-29, 1967). PROGRAMS LISTED ARE (1) GENERAL ACTIVITIES, (2) ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TEACHER TRAINING OVERSEAS, (3) ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TEACHER TRAINING IN THE UNITED STATES, AND (4) MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING. INFORMATION WAS SUPPLIED BY (1) FEDERAL, STATE, AND CITY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Instruction, Material Development, Teacher...
Twenty-five English speaking and twenty-five non-English speaking Canadian children equated on sex and chronological age were given the Ontario School Ability (OSA) test and the performance section of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). The pilot study was conducted to compare the ability of the two tests to assess the intelligence level of English speaking and non-English speaking children. The Ontario test had been developed originally to decide the eligibility of candidates...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Intelligence, Intelligence Tests,...
AT THE ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, A SUMMER ORIENTATION PROGRAM FOR FOREIGN GRADUATE STUDENTS IN ECONOMICS, AN APPROACH TO THE TEACHING OF COMPOSITION HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WHICH INVOLVES THE USE OF WRITING LABORATORIES BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF THE AURAL-ORAL LANGUAGE LABORATORY. THE BASIC PRINCIPLE OF THE LATTER IS THAT BY MEANS OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT THE STUDENT HAS THE OPPORTUNITY OF EXTENDED SELF-CORRECTING PRACTICE OF MATERIALS INTRODUCED IN CLASS. THE IMMEDIATE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Laboratories, Learning Laboratories, Writing...
One of a series prepared by the Hawaii Newspaper Agency, this teaching guide offers suggestions for using the newspaper to teach English to nonnative speakers. Recommendations include teaching language through culture--not taking anything for granted in teaching English as a second language--and techniques for analyzing newspaper ads, headlines, and advice columns. (SW)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Elementary Education, English (Second Language), Language Arts,...
This paper explores the concept of post-Communist identity, particularly in the countries that make up what was formerly referred to as the Eastern Bloc. It examines previous work in the field about the development of minority identity through language and provides a historical background about Eastern Europe and Hungary. It describes some of the options for identity formation in post-Communist Eastern Europe and illustrates these options using examples from Hungarian college students' writings...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communism, English (Second Language), Feminism, Foreign Countries, Minority Groups,...
This study investigated which categories of downgraders in requests is more learnable, and therefore, more teachable. Specifically, the study compared three categories of downgraders: internally modified syntactic downgraders (e.g., conditionals, aspects, interrogatives); internally modified lexical-phrasal downgraders (e.g., politeness markers, hedges, downtoners); and externally modified downgraders (e.g., preparators, grounders, disarmers). Adult students of English as a Second Language...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Consciousness Raising, English (Second Language), Language Usage, Second Language...
This study investigates the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), in particular the relative contributions to score dependability (analogous to classical theory reliability) of various numbers of items and subtests as well as the decision dependability at different cut points. Research questions that apply to the overall TOEFL battery and to its tests and subtests address classical theory reliability estimates; relative contributions to error variance of persons, items, subtests, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Statistical Analysis, Test Reliability,...
Lexicographers have been arguing for the inclusion of abstract and complex grammatical information in dictionaries. This paper examines the extent to which information about quantifiers and the argument structure of verbs is encoded in English learner's dictionaries. The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (1989), the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (1987) and the Collins COBUILD Dictionary of the English Language (1987) are surveyed with reference to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Dictionaries, English (Second Language), Grammar, Second Language Learning, Verbs
This digest reports on findings from recent literacy surveys and interprets these findings in light of theoretical and definitional issues involved in estimating literacy; examines approaches commonly use to measure literacy and enumerates concerns about the limitations of these approaches in linguistically diverse contexts; and concludes with a call for more research on native language literacy and biliteracy. (VWL) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Literacy, Definitions, English (Second Language), Estimation (Mathematics),...
There is presently little world-wide interest in Micronesia. Attitudes toward the U.S. administration vary from the pro-American bid for Commonwealth status by the Marianas to the movement for independence in the Marshalls. The polarization of these attitudes from the northernmost to southernmost reaches of the territory seems to be in direct relation to the extent and intensity of the exposure to an American-English language environment in the various areas. In spite of a 200-year background...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English, English (Second Language), Language Planning, Official Languages, Political...
A varieties grammar (VG) attempts to provide a unifying apparatus for various kinds of language varieties: diatopic, diastratic, and diatypic. The notion of "family grammar" appears to be especially useful in that process since it permits the postulation of a supergrammar for the whole family as well as that of subgrammars for the individual members. In order to restrict the scope of a VG, the present approach defines varieties as typolects, which are interpreted as contrasting with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English for Special Purposes, English (Second Language), Grammar, Language Variation
One hundred eighty limited-English-speaking college students from the Philippines, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Thailand, and Taiwan were administered the Michigan Test of Aural Comprehension (MTAC). An analysis of the MTAC indicated that the three unrestricted forms of the test show satisfactory internal consistency reliability comparable to that found for other listening comprehension tests. However, the results strongly suggest that counselors should not treat the three forms as being...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Examiners, Experimenter Characteristics, Higher Education,...
TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language) students are usually people who are in the process of assimilating a new language and culture and therefore require more than a superficial knowledge of the language. Adults learning English as a second language might be taught by a language experience approach. Building upon the learners' experiences and needs will help them relate to the community and to their social roles. The orientation of a group of second language learners should be reflected...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Programs, Cultural Background, English (Second Language), Language Programs,...
Drawing on the 1982 English Language Proficiency Survey, where the English skills of students from language-minority households were compared with the skills of students from homes where only English was spoken, and on special tabulations of the 1980 census, this report presents estimates of national and state levels of the English proficiency of children from families where a language other than English is spoken. Approximately one-third of the school age children from homes where another...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demography, English (Second Language), Identification, Language Proficiency, Limited...
The main concern of the present study is to investigate the strategies followed by the EFL students in the translation process. This problem has been dealt with through answering the following two questions: 1- What are the strategies followed by the EFL student teachers in the translation process?; 2 - What are the educational implications for enhancing the teaching of translation at faculties of education? Since it is a think aloud protocol-based case study, the final sample of the present...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Translation, English (Second Language), Semitic Languages, Preservice Teachers,...
A conference of 15 experts in English as a second language (ESL) from Indochinese programs across the country arrived at a consensus regarding the characteristics of an effective ESL program. Prior to ESL instruction, student needs must be addressed, including basic living needs, orientation in the native language, and seeking the collaboration of various agencies. Refugees must be viewed as having special requirements. Program design will take into consideration such aspects of refugee...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, English (Second Language), Program Design, Refugees, Second Language...
The 20 conference papers in this volume address five general themes related to English as a second language (ESL): the ESL learner, the teacher, second language acquisition theory and practice, bilingual education, and the use of literature in second language classrooms. Among the specific topics addressed are: successful learning styles, ethnic styles in classroom discourse, ESL reading proficiency testing strategies, second language learning strategies in the elementary classroom, teacher...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Education, English (Second Language), Literature, Second Language...
This paper provides a sociolinguistic description of English language use in Malta at present in terms of who speaks what language, where and when. Some observations on English language contact with Maltese are made. Finally a brief discussion is taken up as to whether and to what extent it would be appropriate to consider Maltese English as a new institutionalized variety of English. (Contains 22 references.) (Author)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language Variation, Official Languages,...
This combined reader and teacher's guide for English second language instruction was developed from teacher workshops conducted in Belize. The reader consists of stories, poems, and drama from the indigenous people of that country, accompanied by supporting English language learning exercises and activities. Texts represent aspects of indigenous culture and are grouped according to the following categories: folk tales, holidays, school and home life, life in the country, river and sea, town and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Folk Culture, Foreign Countries, Indigenous Populations,...
This paper describes the development of the English-Second-Language Placement Test (EPT) 100-200-300, which places adult students into the first three levels of ESL classes, and discusses work done on EPT 400-500-600, an experimental test to place students in the last three levels of classes. A structured test, EPT 100-200-300 tests ability to read items already practiced orally. One-page pretests were standardized on students at Alemany Adult School in San Francisco. Subsequent work was done...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Instructional Program Divisions, Student Placement, Test...
Ethnography is a research approach that seeks to understand and represent the points of view of the members of a particular culture. As in other forms of qualitative research, the data collected are rich in their descriptions of people, places, languages, and events. Ethnographic research can be characterized by its multi-instrumental approach, utilizing such tools as participant observation, notetaking, audio- or videotaping, interviewing informants and compiling biographical data on them,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, English (Second Language), Ethnography, Literacy Education, Program...
This digest discusses some of the challenges facing libraries in the area of service to adults learning English as a Second Language. It describes services provided for this population by some libraries, and suggests tools and approaches that other libraries can use. It also outlines actions that participants at the 1991 White House Conference on Libraries and Information Service, as well as others, may follow. (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education) (VWL)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Learning, Conferences, English (Second Language), Library Role, Literacy...
Limericks and tongue twisters for learning short vowel sounds in English are presented in this illustrated booklet for speakers with limited English proficiency. After proclaiming that "English is so crazy it makes you want to cry," the book presents first the sounds of the English alphabet, then long and short vowels, a limerick for each of the five short vowels, and finally 22 tongue twisters. (LB) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Articulation (Speech), English (Second Language), Language Proficiency, Literacy...
The sixth volume of a compilation of all documents relating to English teaching which have been processed into the ERIC system is presented. This volume brings the index through June 1971. (CK)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bibliographies, English Curriculum, English Education, English Instruction, English...
To assist the learner of English as a second language in dealing with the various services provided by a bank, a series of dialogs, comprehension questions, readings, and points of discussion are presented. The text is illustrated with sample forms. (JB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Banking, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction,...
The mass media were analyzed as agents of socialization in a questionnaire study of 80 foreign student couples. Results indicated the availability of mass media to foreign student families was high, but that patterns of usage were related to English proficiency. Native English speakers were more likely to watch television for relaxation while non-English speakers were more likely to watch it to improve their language skills or to learn about the culture. In general, American friends and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Students, Higher Education, Mass Media, Media...
This report is an evaluation of a New York City school district educational project funded under Title Vll of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. The goals of the program were to provide bilingual instructional services in all subject areas to Hispanic pupils of limited English-speaking ability and to select, train, and place bilingual teachers in the classroom. Approximately 2400 Hispanic children in grades K-8 were served by the program. Eighty college graduates with teaching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Teachers, Children, English (Second Language),...
Models of and research into the writing process support the use of peer editing in the regular activities of a writing class. It has the advantages of: adding perspective to students' perception of the writing process, both their own and others'; promoting student self-confidence; improving the class atmosphere by active student involvement; and providing an additional diagnostic and teaching tool. For teachers using peer editing, it is useful to establish a classroom climate of trust, design...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Classroom Techniques, Editing, English (Second Language), Guidelines, Peer...
Sixteen oral lessons for teaching beginning English as a second language are presented. The lessons were developed to teach small groups of adolescents. The lessons are each self-contained and include noun picture cards, a vocabulary game, opposites, teacher commands, expanding sentences, pronouns, and vowel sounds. The picture card lessons can be duplicated and used as flash cards. Teaching hints and a chart of 333 verbs in three tenses are provided. (RW)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Lesson Plans, Second Language Instruction, Secondary...
The paper provides a concise overview of the key issues in needs analysis and its role in syllabus design.
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Needs Assessment, Role,...
THIS DOCUMENT IS AN ADDRESS WHICH DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS RELATED TO INDIAN EDUCATION AND SEVERAL PROGRAMS WHICH ATTEMPT TO OVERCOME THESE PROBLEMS. THE PROBLEMS PRESENTED INCLUDE THE INDIAN'S EXTREME POVERTY, HIS LOW ASPIRATION LEVEL, HIS SELF-IMAGE, INDIAN ACCULTURATION, AND SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION AGAINST THE INDIAN. THE PROGRAMS DISCUSSED ARE--A UTE EXPERIMENT OF PLACING THE STUDENTS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS, A PROGRAM PUTTING THE TRIBAL COUNCIL THROUGH A LEADERSHIP TRAINING COURSE, AND A YOUTH CAMP...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, American Indians, Aspiration, Education, English (Second Language),...
In adult English-as-a-Second-Language literacy education and staff development, practitioner inquiry has emerged as a powerful approach toward improving practice. A variety of activities occur under the umbrella of practitioner inquiry, all of which are grounded in the knowledge and questions held by practitioners. The characteristics of inquiry intersect with those of other adult education concepts such as self-directed learning, reflective practice, learner centeredness, and action research....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adult Literacy, English (Second Language), Inquiry, Literacy...
The writing of ESL students, while sophisticated in some respects, often contains fragments and run-ons. Because these students have no reliable, self-monitoring system for analyzing their writing and because they believe they are communicating effectively, they fail to recognize their difficulties in forming complete sentences. This paper discusses a program implemented in an advanced intermediate ESL college composition class. The program proposes that students will be able to monitor their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conjunctions, English (Second Language), Higher Education, Pronouns, Sentence...
The psychometric characteristics of the Test of Written English (TWE) rating scale were explored. Rasch model scalar analysis methodology was employed with more than 4,000 scored essays across 2 elicitation prompts to gather information about the rating scale and rating process. Results suggested that the intervals between TWE scale steps were surprisingly uniform and that the size of the intervals was appropriately larger than the error associated with assignment of individual ratings. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Equated Scores, Essays, Interrater Reliability,...
This Digest, an update to a 1990 Digest, provides information on finding employment opportunities abroad for teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL). Sections highlight the following: considerations for teaching EFL outside of the United States; general information sources on teaching English abroad; teaching in international schools; and additional sources of overseas teaching information. (eight references) (VWL)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Opportunities, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, International...
Teaching writing is the frustrating part of teaching English as a second language, yet a secondary-school level student who is literate in his own language can be guided into writing a simple paragraph in English soon after he can read one. Guided writing limits the variety of errors a student can make, gives repeated practice in using a selected sentence pattern correctly, prepares a student to write freely with a manageable number of errors, and allows him to write confidently with no fear of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Teaching Methods, Writing Exercises, Writing Skills,...
These two line-drawing picture books accompany Books V and VI of the Curriculum Improvement Program in English Language Skills for Schools of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands materials. See AL 002 137. (AMM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Charts, Cross Cultural Studies, English (Second Language), Language Instruction
This paper describes a demonstration of a totally integrated discovery procedure to present sentence-combining practice. This practice makes students aware not only of the complex structures but of the usage and style related to each structure. Guidelines for the execution of the practice include: (1) the use of a sequence of questions by the teacher, (2) use of semantic relationships as a basic criterion for the combinations, (3) use of sentences in the practice that might naturally be used...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Styles, Language Usage, Semantics, Sentence...
This issue of R&D Alert focuses on a perennial challenge in education and human development: how to make the most of information, whether test results, research findings, or other data. What happens with all the data generated by testing students? How is it ensured that the information is accurate, relevant, and timely? How do the results translate into improvements in practice? This issue's contents include: (1) From the CEO: On Using Data to Drive Reform; (2) Using Data for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, State Standards, Academic Achievement, Accountability, English (Second Language),...
English phrases with Lao translations are presented under the following headings: coping with the language barrier, useful forms of etiquette, giving information about yourself, recognizing signs, converting weights and measures, using numbers, dealing with money, dealing with time, locating things, describing things and people, doing things, going places, conveying information, health, food, clothing, housing, jobs, and about schools. Lao-English and English-Lao lists of useful words are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Instructional Materials, English (Second Language), Lao, Second Language...
This Digest describes factors that may restrict access to adult literacy education in North America and discusses several potential solutions to these problems from programs that have aimed to provide adult literacy instruction to specific minority groups. Although the barriers and potential solutions apply to all minority groups, two populations often considered "at risk"--immigrant women and involuntary minorities--are given particular attention. (Contains 18 references.) (ERIC...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Literacy, English (Second Language), Females, Immigrants, Literacy Education,...
This paper examines the teaching of English as a Second Language (ESL) in different lights and from different angles. Particular attention is focused on the following: (1) language acquisition is an intellectual process; (2) the goal for the second-language learner is mastery; (3) the standard of English in Hong Kong; and (4) "standard" English. (VWL)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language Variation, Second Language...
THE SOCIAL SYMBOLISM OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE FOR MEXICAN-AMERICANS WAS DISCUSSED AT A SYMPOSIUM. THE CULTURAL FACTORS RELATED TO THIS SYMBOLISM WERE OBSERVED BY THE AUTHOR IN THE COURSE OF CONDUCTING TWO DIFFERENT ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE SOCIAL LIFE OF AMERICANS OF MEXICAN DESCENT IN SOUTH TEXAS. THE RESULTS OF THESE STUDIES WERE ALSO RELATED TO A STUDY OF THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF TUCSON. POPULATION GROWTHS OF BOTH MEXICANS AND ANGLOS IN THE TWO AREAS WERE OBSERVED TO BE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anthropology, Bilingualism, Conferences, Demography, English (Second Language),...
Suggestions are offered for using the following items in the English as a second language (ESL) classroom: mail-order catalogs, maps, photograph albums, and posters. A sample lesson plan for one week is provided. (JB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Instructional Materials, Lesson Plans, Material...
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