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Rapti main canal is a sub-project undertaken by Uttar Pradesh irrigation engineering department under the main project namely Saryu Nahar Pariyojna. This main project will provide irrigation to 12.0 lacs h.a. area (C.C.A) of districts Baharaich, Shravasti, Gonda, Balrampur, Basti, Siddharthnagar, Sant Kabir Nagar & Gorakhpur through 8240 km long distribution system. Whereas Rapti Main Canal is 125 km long and a capacity about 95 cumecs. Liquefaction potential at this site is evaluated and...
Topic: Comparative Analysis & Liquefaction Potential
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IASET JOURNALS
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In the Novels, Where Shall Go This Summer by Anita Desai and The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison the daughters Sita and Pecola Stated suffering inwardly because of their corrupted fathers. This critical analysis attempts to compare these two novels. The two novels are from different countries. The culture, society and customs of both the countries are totally different from one another. But there are also similarities in the aspect of the writers.
Topic: A Comparative Analysis of the Novels
The first section of this paper outlines the aims of the socio-semiotic way of looking at cross-cultural lexicology, including its ability to affect research methodology, objects, and goals, and argues that it is in accordance with an integral concept of linguistics. In the second section, the socio-semiotic approach is contrasted with the system-oriented, knowledge-oriented, and behavior-oriented views of lexicology. The final section provides macroscopic results, microscopic results, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Cross Cultural Studies, Lexicology, Methods, Semiotics
In an effort to help describe and explain why people do not read and subscribe to newspapers, a study built on previous research by adding two new contributions: (1) reliance on a four-wave panel data-set rather than on a one-shot survey; and (2) use of a dynamic modeling procedure rather than cross-sectional analysis. The problem with previous studies of newspaper subscribing that use static comparison, is that the technique may be sufficient for descriptive purposes but can do little beyond...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Longitudinal Studies, Media Research, Models, Newspapers
Generalizability theory provides a technique for accurately estimating the reliability of measurements. The power of this theory is based on the simultaneous analysis of multiple sources of error variances. Equally important, generalizability theory considers relationships among the sources of measurement error. Just as multivariate inferential statistics consider relationships among variables that univariate statistics cannot detect, generalizability theory considers relationships of error...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Generalizability Theory, Test Reliability, Test Theory
A study examined the effect of news values, source types, and competition on coverage of a 1988 urban riot in Shreveport, Louisiana. The final editions of "The Times" of Shreveport and the "Shreveport Journal" which appeared over the four-day period of a riot were analyzed and the content of each story was categorized. Results indicated: (1) both newspapers used more "unknown" than "known" sources; (2) the larger circulation paper--"The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Competition, Content Analysis, News Reporting, Newspapers
A review of the literature on multiple comparison procedures suggests several alternative approaches for comparing means when population variances differ. These include: (1) the approach of P. A. Games and J. F. Howell (1976); (2) C. W. Dunnett's C confidence interval (1980); and (3) Dunnett's T3 solution (1980). These procedures control the overall risk of a Type I error experimentwise at approximately the nominal significance level and have the best statistical power among alternative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Research Methodology, Statistical Analysis
Written as a technical report for the leadership course of the United States Naval Academy (see the final reports which summarize the course development project, EM 010 418, EM 010 419, and EM 010 484), this paper examines the use and interpretation of the rank-biserial correlation as an index of item discrimination. The advantages and disadvantages of this index are compared with those of alternative indices derived from the response of upper and lower groups divided on the basis of total test...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Correlation, Scores, Statistical Analysis
One of the major problems in artificial intelligence (AI) text generation is text organization; a poorly organized text can be unreadable or even misleading. A comparison of two AI approaches to text organization--McKeown's TEXT system and Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST)--shows that, although they share many assumptions about the nature of text, they are also in strong contrast. TEXT identifies text organization with whole-text nonrecursive structures, while RST uses small recursive ones. RST...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Artificial Intelligence, Comparative Analysis, Computational Linguistics, Discourse...
Research on tests for scale equality have focused exclusively on an overall test statistic and have not examined procedures for identifying specific differences in multiple group designs. The present study compares four contrast analysis procedures for scale differences in the single factor four-group design: (1) Tukey HSD; (2) Kramer-Tukey; (3) Games-Howell; and (4) Dunnett T-3. Two data transformations are considered under several combinations of variance difference, sample sizes, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Sample Size, Scaling, Statistical Analysis
Multiple comparison procedures for controlling familywise Type I error and the false discovery rate are described and compared, including the traditional Bonferroni correction, a sequential (step-up) Bonferroni procedure (Hochberg, 1988), and a sequential false discovery rate procedure proposed by Benjamini and Hochberg (1995). Motivation for formally considering the false discovery rate is discussed. A simulation study demonstrates that the Benjamini and Hochberg (BH) technique results in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Hypothesis Testing, Simulation, Statistical Analysis
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Time management is an important factor highly considered in any organization or system because it goes a very long way in determining productivity. In the light of this, software engineers using the scheduler have taken series of measures in designing systems that will process and complete jobs assigned to them in a predictably manageable time in order to increase the number of jobs processes per unit time. Decisions that the scheduler makes, concerning the sequence and length of time that...
Topics: Comparative Analysis, Scheduling, Single Tape Case, Completion Time
Transpersonal Counseling and Wholistic Counseling are two relatively new approaches to psychotherapy. Transpersonal counseling is based on the work of transpersonal psychologists who believe that there are potential cognitive, moral, and motivational stages of development beyond those reached by most adults. It suggests a "fourth force" in psychology in addition to psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and humanistic forces. Wholistic counseling may be viewed as the epitome of eclectic...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Counseling Techniques, Counseling Theories, Psychotherapy
This paper compares student fee levels near the time of adoption of the Masterplan in 1969 with 2004. Changes in the level and use of student fees include the following: (1) California public universities have increased student fees dramatically over the past 15 years--still, they are among the lowest when compared with other states; (2) California Community College fees have increased very modestly and remain much lower than any other state; and (3) public university students are funding an...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Universities, Fees, Higher Education, Community Colleges, State Colleges, Comparative...
The purpose of this study is to clarify further the relationships among creative, cognitive, and affective production of students. Thirteen pairs of twins, eight monozygotic (MZ), five dyzygotic (DZ), were administered the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, MMPI, and Revised Beta Examination. The F ratio for testing significance of within-set variances of MZ and DZ twins did not reveal heredity to be a significant factor in creative output. Significant correlations are reported between verbal...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Ability, Comparative Analysis, Creativity, Genetics, Heredity,...
It has been suggested that current measures used in investigating religion are a mixture of questions concerning values, beliefs, and behaviors and are mixed in their factorial purity. Another difficulty is that there is a relative lack of research on different religions and their specific beliefs. The present study utilized a scale of homogeneous focus in order to delineate the beliefs and religious activities of a group of fundamentalistic Christians as compared to a control sample of college...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior, Beliefs, Christianity, College Students, Comparative Analysis, Higher...
Using computer simulated data, the Type I error rate and statistical power were empirically estimated for several pairwise multiple comparison strategies for situations where population variances differ. Focus was on comparing modified Bonferroni procedures with Dunnett's solutions, and determining whether or not J. P. Shaffer's suggestion of using the omnibus test would work when population variances differed. Three factors were manipulated: sample size, variance heterogeneity, and pattern of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics), Mathematical...
Based on data compiled from the U.S. Census Bureau "Current Population Survey" (March 1989), this report compares the average annual earnings of teachers to the average annual earnings of college graduates in full-time, salaried, nonteaching positions in six states: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina. In addition to comparing average earnings, the report presents several other comparisons between teachers and other college educated workers,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Career Choice, College Graduates, Comparative Analysis, Higher Education, Teacher...
Test data generated according to two different multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models were compared at both the item response level and the test score level to determine whether measurable differences between the models could be detected when the data sets were constrained to be equivalent in terms of item "p"-values. The models chosen were the multiplicative multidimensional IRT model (non-compensatory) and a linear multidimensional IRT model (compensatory). Data on a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability, Comparative Analysis, Item Response Theory, Mathematical Models, Scores,...
At the request of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, the General Accounting Office (GAO) examined the causes of interstate variations in Medicaid spending and the growth in overall spending. Using published and unpublished information, the GAO identified trends and wide variations among states in Medicaid spending and compared eligibility criteria used, the scope of services offered, and reimbursement to providers. Medicaid spending in New York was compared to national averages and studies...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Federal Aid, Financial Support, Human Services, State Programs
Systems concepts are useful in rethinking and reorganizing the structure of education. The author presents a popular interpretation of the systems approach to problem solving. He uses a general systems theory to compare the attributes of a school system and a computer system. He uses the idea of a critical subsystem to prepare a table of comparison which points up the discrepancies in progress between the two systems. Based on this comparison table he makes suggestions for areas of action to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Educational Planning, Evaluation Methods, Systems Analysis,...
The developing relationship of linguistics to matters of current social concern, especially as it relates to the study of minority groups, is discussed. Problems in studying Negro/white speech differences are related to: The researcher vs. the researched; the unfulfilled promises of research and the dangers of knowing; the misassessing of facts by scholars; a partial or incomplete knowledge of facts; and an inadequate research design for ascertaining these facts. (DB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Dialects, Comparative Analysis, Linguistics, Nonstandard Dialects, Research...
This study compared the typing efficiency of four young children (5 to 6 years of age) who were novice typists on the Dvork and QWERTY keyboards. A copying program on an Apple IIc microcomputer functioned as the training instrument. Although the children did not acquire proficient touch typing skills, they did type accurate responses faster, keep their hands positioned on the home row when they began typing, and show some conditioning to key locations when using the Dvorak keyboard. While the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Intermode Differences, Keyboarding (Data Entry),...
Research in the behavioral and health sciences frequently involves the application of one-factor analysis of variance models. The goal may be to compare several independent groups of subjects on a quantitative dependent variable or to compare measurements made on a single group of subjects on different occasions or under different conditions. In analyzing data of this kind, it is usually of interest to determine which pairs of population means are likely to differ. In this paper, the selection...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Analysis of Variance, Comparative Analysis, Factor Structure, Power (Statistics),...
Cultural activism--such as that promoted by cultural studies pedagogies--is often missing in both the theories and pedagogies of service learning. Ignoring the action potential inherent in cultural studies and its potential contributions to service learning may very well subvert a potentially radical and critical pedagogy into merely a trend. Cultural studies pedagogies compel students to look beyond the written page and recognize the "texts" of the everyday. Cultural studies can...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activism, Comparative Analysis, Higher Education, Service Learning, Student...
IMHE-Info is the newsletter published by the Institutional Management in Higher Education (IMHE) programme. This issue includes: (1) OECD Work on Research; (2) OECD FORUM 2002: A Unique Interface Between the Public and the Ministers; (3) Viable Financial Management: A Joint IMHE-HEFCE Comparative Studies; and (4) OECD Ministerial Meeting in Paris. IMHE News, publications of interest and upcoming events are included.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Money Management, Institutional Administration, Foreign Countries,...
The widely-used Tukey's HSD index is not produced in the current version of SPSS (i.e., PASW Statistics, version 18), and a computer program named "HSD Calculator" has been chosen to amend this problem. In comparison to hand calculation, this program application does not require table checking, which eliminates potential concern on the size of a "Studentized range" table that might not cover various degrees of freedom. Since the software can be downloaded with no charge,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computers, Computer Software, Social Studies, Comparative Analysis, Statistics,...
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE IF DIVIDING A TRADITIONAL DICTIONARY CATALOG TO CREATE A SEPARATE FILE FOR SUBJECT ENTRIES WOULD RESULT IN MORE EFFECTIVE USE OF LIBRARY CATALOGS. A SET OF SEARCH QUESTIONS WAS DEVELOPED AS THE DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT. TWO CATALOGS--THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS' DICTIONARY CATALOG AND THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN'S CATALOG DIVIDED INTO SUBJECT AND NON-SUBJECT ENTRIES--WERE SELECTED AND THE APPROPRIATE SECTIONS VERIFIED AS TO SIMILARITY OF SIZE AND...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Catalogs, Comparative Analysis, Information Storage, Libraries, Library Catalogs,...
To get an impression of the quality of educational research in the Netherlands, 55 paper proposals accepted by the Paper Committee of the Educational Research Day 1974 were evaluated. Each of the 204 judges evaluated two randomly assigned proposals on 27 characteristics. These characteristics were an extension of the instrument used by a committee of the American Educational Research Association in a similar study. The proposals showed a number of specific shortcomings. The general impression...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Educational Research, Evaluation, Foreign Countries,...
Noting that little theoretical work has been done on the processes of adapting novels for television viewing, and that what discussion there is tends to concentrate on judgments about "faithfulness" to the original, this paper suggests that more can be gained from approaching television adaptations in a less literal way, and shows how the differences and similarities between the novel and its television adaptation can be mapped out. F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, "Tender is the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Guidelines, Media Adaptation, Narration, Novels, Programing...
Type I error rates were estimated for three tests that compare means by using data from two independent samples: the independent samples t test, Welch's approximate degrees of freedom test, and James's second order test. Type I error rates were estimated for skewed distributions, equal and unequal variances, equal and unequal sample sizes, and a range of total sample sizes. Welch's test and James's test have very similar Type I error rates and tend to control the Type I error rate as well or...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics), Mathematical...
If the forensics community has real choice between debate formats, there must be distinctions that justify the existence of each respective style or organization. While such differences can exist at any one of a number of levels, this paper examines differences in adjudicating in both parliamentary and team policy debate, generally known as CEDA (Cross Examination Debate Association) or NDT (National Debate Tournament) debate. While the paper highlights distinctions between two debate formats,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Debate, Debate Format, Higher Education, Judges, Parliamentary...
The largest and most comprehensive national gang survey to date, the 1997 National Youth Gang Survey, contacted nearly 5,000 law enforcement agencies across the country. To allow for both comparative and trend analysis, the 1997 survey used the same sample as the 1996 survey. Survey results indicate that the percentage of jurisdictions reporting active youth gangs decreased from the previous year, from 53% in 1996 to 51% in 1997. Some 816,000 gang members were active in some 30,500 youth gangs...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Crime, Incidence, Juvenile Gangs, Surveys, Tables (Data), Trend...
The study culminating in this report analyzed business conditions in eleven Michigan metropolitan areas during a ten-year period from the late 60s to the late 70s. Focus is on the need for an overview of the effects of cyclical swings, but it does not try to identify the causes of variation in performance. Short-run business conditions are analyzed by measuring the behavior of a set of economic indicators covering three major categories: labor market, construction, and banking activity. Part 1...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Business Cycles, Comparative Analysis, Economic Change, Economic Climate, Economic...
This study of foreign language enrollments in public secondary schools, the thirteenth in a series, focuses primarily on enrollments in Fall 1978, but it also presents comparative data from earlier reports. The report is based on a questionnaire survey directed in fall 1979 and spring 1980 to all state foreign language supervisors. In the 20 states where the data were not available, questionnaires were sent directly to various school districts selected by a random sampling procedure. The report...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Enrollment Trends, Language Enrollment, Secondary Schools,...
The purpose of this paper is to describe, compare, and contrast an early childhood departmental accreditation process from the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and a college/university-wide accreditation process from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). The history of higher education accreditation is also discussed. The author concludes by illustrating the need for further research in the area of educational program evaluations. (Contains 4...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, Accreditation (Institutions), National Programs, Regional...
This report has been created to provide information on how public institutions of higher education in Virginia utilize their Educational and General space as well as compare the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia's (SCHEV) space utilization guidelines with those used in other State Higher Education Executive Offices. The State Council developed the current space inventory and space utilization system in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Utilizing the technology of the day the State...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Guidelines, Data Collection, Expenditures, Space Utilization,...
A comparative analysis of two surveys conducted in May 1971 and November 1971 to gather information on the attitudes of young male civilians (between 16-21 years) towards the military service is presented. Information was collected through interviews with 2,845 individuals in May and 1,960 individuals in November. The results of the surveys are presented for the following areas: (1) career goals--both surveys revealed that the most important occupational goals were pay and secure/steady...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitudes, Comparative Analysis, Interviews, Males, Military Service, National...
Do all schools need brick-and-mortar libraries? In this article, Johnson and Mastrion share their contradictory thoughts to the question. Johnson says some schools don't need library facilities or programs or librarians. These schools' teachers and administrators: (1) feel no need for a collaborative learning space; (2) feel the ability to process and communicate information in formats other than print is unnecessary; (3) view voluntary reading as a waste of time; (4) are content to provide...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Library Facilities, Libraries, Individualized Instruction, Media Adaptation,...
The study examined the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) scale factor structure using as a population 397 young adults (average age 26) members of rural disadvantaged families of average intelligence attending the Mountain-Plains program. The factor structure was compared with that of a similar study of college students. Tables show factor loadings for 12 POI scales for both studies and partial correlation matrixes for the POI scales characterizing the three factors. Findings indicate that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Comparative Analysis, Disadvantaged, Individual Characteristics,...
The jackknife and bootstrap methods are becoming more popular in research. Although the two approaches have similar goals and employ similar strategies, information is lacking with regard to the comparability of their results. This study systematically investigated the issue for a canonical correlation analysis, using data from four random samples from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Some conspicuous discrepancies are observed mainly under small sample size conditions, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Correlation, Monte Carlo Methods, Sample Size, Simulation
This committee report and position paper recommends that a system of state public kindergartens should be established in Mississippi. Justification for public kindergartens is based on two major premises: (1) a belief that every child can benefit from quality kindergartens as they are described in this paper, and (2) a belief that kindergartens based on a child development philosophy could influence the traditional primary schools to provide more appropriate experiences for six-, seven-, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Advisory Committees, Comparative Analysis, Educational Assessment, Educational Needs,...
The extent to which standardized regression coefficients (beta values) can be used to determine the importance of a variable in an equation was explored. The beta value and the part correlation coefficient--also called the semi-partial correlation coefficient and reported in squared form as the incremental "r squared"--were compared for variables in 2,341 two-predictor equations and 8,670 three-predictor equations to examine the information they provided for evaluating variable...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Correlation, Equations (Mathematics), Mathematical Models,...
The Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation 2002 National Survey of Latinos explored the attitudes and experiences of Latinos on a wide variety of topics. The survey sample was designed to include enough Hispanics from various backgrounds and national origin groups so that in addition to describing Latinos overall, comparisons also could be made among segments of the Hispanic population. This survey brief looks at the concept of assimilation and how it has been debated extensively in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, Hispanic Americans, Comparative Analysis, Language Usage, Spanish...
This article reports an investigation into the students' use of metacognitive reading strategies that involve the use of analytic and pragmatic reading strategies when reading in the two languages: English and Bahasa Indonesia. One-hundred and one students from the English Study Program within the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Sriwijaya University in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, completed the Metacognitive Reading Strategies questionnaire (MRSQ) both in Bahasa Indonesia...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, College Students, Metacognition, Reading Strategies,...
In fall 1974, Harford Community College instituted a nonpunitive grading system. Students receive grades of A,B,C,D, or *. A "*" indicates that course requirements have not been met; it is not considered in computing the student's Quality Point Index (QPI). This new grading system, in addition to the national trend toward higher grades, led the college's administrative council to request a study to determine if there have been any recent, significant shifts in QPI or honor lists at...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Credit No Credit Grading, Grade Point Average, Grades...
Both the occupational analysis program and the management engineering program are primarily concerned with task level descriptions of time spent to perform tasks required in the Air Force, the first being personnel specialty code oriented and the second being work center oriented. However two separate and independent techniques have been developed to measure time and identify tasks that are performed. The purpose of the study was to identify and evaluate areas in which Air Force Management...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administration, Comparative Analysis, Feasibility Studies, Military Personnel,...
This report describes part of the research conducted under Work Unit MODE, which examined methodological approaches in acquiring valid research data pertinent to critical social problems. It describes a study in which rates of nontherapeutic drug use obtained by a random urine screening program among Army personnel were compared with rates obtained by an anonymous self-report questionnaire. Procedural methodology in the urinalysis program was also examined. Questionnaire administration and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Armed Forces, Comparative Analysis, Data Collection, Drug Abuse, Questionnaires,...
A three-part study has been conducted over the past several years to isolate and describe correlates of attitudes toward the elderly. The paper briefly summarizes the first two parts of the study and concentrates on its concluding portion. Data from the first part of the study indicated that younger and more well-educated subjects displayed more positive attitudes toward the elderly. Data from the second part of the study showed little relationship between the variables race and socioeconomic...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitude Measures, Comparative Analysis, Older Adults, Racial Attitudes, Social...
A study of the effectiveness of the Vocational or Vital Information for Education and Work (VIEW) information system was conducted in 10 school districts in Region 3, Kentucky. VIEW utilizes a microfilm aperture card approach with each card containing information on a particular occupation localized to a specific region in the State. The evaluation of VIEW was based on a comparative study of an experimental group and a control group of eighth grade students from each school district. A pre-post...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Evaluation Methods, Microfilm, Occupational Information,...
This article compares the strikingly similar experiences of Monash and Chisholm in Melbourne at the same time. The author states that Roger Scott's account of the abortive ANU/CCAE merger brought back memories of the Monash University/Chisholm Institute of Technology amalgamation, effected around the same time. The outstanding point of difference between the two mergers was that the Chisholm senior management was firmly behind the link with Monash, as were the bulk of the external members of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Higher Education, Educational Technology, Comparative Analysis,...
A scheme for classifying attachment patterns is proposed that retains important elements of Ainsworth's system, but extends it to allow for the inclusion of more deviant patterns of behavior. The proposed scheme asserts that attachment relationships can be ordered on a continuum of felt security based upon an organizational interpretation of the security that the child derives from the relationship with the parent in the Strange Situation. Behaviors considered in the new classification are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attachment Behavior, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Depression (Psychology),...
Previous research examining the effects of reducing the number of score groups used in the matching criterion of the Mantel-Haenszel procedure, when screening for differential item functioning, has produced ambiguous results. The goal of this study was to resolve the ambiguity by examining the problem with a simulated data set. The main results from this study call into question the preliminary recommendations of several other researchers, that four or more score groups are sufficient and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability, Comparative Analysis, Computer Simulation, Item Bias, Reference Groups,...
In order to empirically examine the claim that sign language varieties in Hong Kong developed partially from sign language varieties in Shanghai, this paper examines the intuitive judgements of Hong kong signers about the similarities and difference in basic vocabulary items in sign language varieties in Shanghai and in Hong Kong. Specifically, the paper includes a discussion of the type of basic vocabulary to be compared, the data collected from Hong Kong and Shanghai sign language varieties,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Diachronic Linguistics, Foreign Countries, Intuition, Language...
Three different nonparametric tests for scale--the Siegel-Tukey (S-T), the Mood (M), and the Normal Scores (NS)--are compared in order to contrast varying methods of scale test development and usage. Procedures for developing the three scale tests are discussed, and two examples of the use of each test in solving the same problem are given. From the results obtained in the two examples, it is apparent that all the three tests tend to give equivalent answers. (DB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Nonparametric Statistics, Statistical Studies, Test...
Secondary evaluations, in which an investigator takes a body of evaluation data collected by a primary evaluation researcher and examines the data to see if the original conclusions about the program correspond with his own, are discussed. The different kinds of secondary evaluations and the advantages and disadvantages of each are pointed out, and the particular advantage of one kind of secondary evaluation which is likely to be relatively comprehensive in scope is discussed. What secondary...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Data Analysis, Evaluation Methods, Program Evaluation, Research...
The memory of the student uprising at Tiananmen Square in 1989 invites one professor to examine more closely what she does: rhetoric and composition, especially rhetorical invention. To examine the kind of power exercised by official Chinese public discourse and whether language could help to avoid reoccurrences such as the loss of innocent people's lives, the Taoist thought of Zhuang Zi might help. And such an examination could also benefit comparative/contrastive rhetoric studies. Many recent...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Chinese Culture, Comparative Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Foreign Countries, Higher...
The first purpose of this study was to analyze the results of the confirmatory factor analyses, via EQS, with regard to the latent structures of the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) (C. Weinstein, D. Palmer, and A. Schulte, 1987) as proposed by S. Olejnik and S. Nist (1992), A. Olivarez and M. Tallent-Runnels (1994), B. Olaussen and I. Braten (1998), and the model that evolved from the exploratory factor analysis of the current data set. Data were from two samples, one of 319...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Comparative Analysis, Factor Structure, Higher Education, Models,...
This report examines "prevailing wage" and school construction costs in Washington state by first examining 1985 through 1999 data on the state's school construction financing levels, the percentage of local share of funding, comparisons of average actual square foot cost versus the state's area cost allowance, and bond election successes versus failures by calendar year. The report then explains that prevailing wage laws increase construction costs by 10 to 15 percent, overcharging...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Construction Costs, Elementary Secondary Education, Public...
Investigated empirically through post mortem item-examinee sampling were the relative merits of two alternative procedures for allocating items to subtests in multiple matrix sampling and the feasibility of using the jackknife in approximating standard errors of estimate. The results indicate clearly that a partially balanced incomplete block design is preferable to random sampling in allocating items to subtests. The jackknife was found to better approximate standard errors of estimate in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Error Patterns, Item Sampling, Matrices, Research Reports, Test...
An Analysis of the teaching plans of adult educators in the Ohio Cooperative Extension Service and an examination of the relationship between the quality of the teaching plan for one lesson, the effectiveness of teaching performance as rated by supervisors, and personal experience factors of the educator were conducted. A 40% random sample was drawn for the study, and teaching plans were received for 96% of this sample. These were evaluated by an independent jury of adult educators. Each...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Educators, Comparative Analysis, Task Performance, Teacher Effectiveness,...
Studied concerning the methods of establishing equivalences between degrees and diplomas in six countries; Czechoslovakia, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom, and the United States are reviewed. An appraisal of the methods of establishing equivalences between degrees and diplomas for academic purposes for each of the six countries is included. (MJM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Comparative Education, Degree Requirements, International...
Three graphics producers were interviewed in order to explore the costs associated with production of microfiche, as opposed to the plasma panel, so that an informed selection could be made in those cases in which either technique would suffice. The three producers disagreed about the best production techniques to use, as well as how long various production related tasks might take. For example, substantially different techniques were used to create plasma displays. However, all three graphics...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Computer Graphics, Costs, Decision Making, Freehand Drawing,...
This report presents trend data from 1976 to 1986 on the number, demographic characteristics, and fields of specialization of education doctorate recipients. Intended users include education program planners, education policy analysts, and education administrators. Charts and text also present information regarding institutions awarding education doctorates, race and sex of doctorate recipients, marital status and age of recipients, planned employment after graduation, and comparisons between...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Career Choice, Comparative Analysis, Doctoral Degrees, Education Majors, Marital...
Suicide assessment and prediction are important functions performed by psychiatrists. Although the specificity and sensitivity of assessment instruments are poor, trainees are instructed to become proficient in their application. The occurrence of suicides during training confronts trainees with personal and professional limitations. The charts of patients who committed suicide while on the rolls of a large university-affiliated private psychiatric hospital, or within one month of discharge,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Clinical Diagnosis, Comparative Analysis, Evaluation Problems, Patients, Prediction,...
This report is the final report on faculty salaries at California's public universities for the current 2001-02 (current) and 2002-03 (budget) years. It contains a brief description of the methodology used to calculate the parity percentages and the faculty salary increase trends over the past 21 years. The faculty salary methodology includes two separate comparison institution groups, one each for the California State University (CSU) and the University of California (UC). In the first half of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Faculty, Comparative Analysis, Higher Education, Public Colleges, Teacher...
This essay is based on a roundtable of higher education leaders and policy officials convened in June 2002 as part of a larger research effort undertaken by the Alliance for International Higher Education Policy Studies (AIHEPS), an international collaboration for comparative research on higher education policy. The roundtable focused on AIHEPS research that examined the policy environments in two states, New Jersey and New Mexico. Through an extensive series of interviews with state policy...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Educational Objectives, Educational...
While statistical procedures are well known for comparing hierarchically related (nested) covariance structure models, statistical tests for comparing nonhierarchically related (nonnested) models have proven more elusive. While isolated attempts have been made, none exists within the commonly used maximum likelihood estimation framework, thereby compromising these methods accessibility and general applicability. The current work builds on a distance measure originally proposed by C. Rao (1945;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Statistical Analysis, Levy, Roy, Hancock, Gregory R.
Characteristics of maternal responsiveness in interactions between mothers and infants in New York City, Paris, and Tokyo are compared. A total of 72 primiparous mothers and their 5-month-olds were observed at home. Of the dyads, 24 were Caucasian American, 24 Caucasian French, and 24 Oriental Japanese. Observations were conducted in an identical manner in all three cities. Mothers and infants were videotaped in naturalistic interaction for 45 minutes. Target infant behaviors scored were social...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Differences, Foreign...
A study was conducted to (1) describe the male/female participation and success in regional and national forensic individual events tournament competition, and (2) identify areas of gender-based inequity from these data. Letters requesting 1984-85 tournament results were sent to 44 individual events tournament directors, of which 20 were sufficient for accurate tabulation. Participants' sex and male/female distribution ratios for both preliminary and elimination rounds of competition were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Research, Comparative Analysis, Competition, Debate, Females, Males,...
Over the years women have played crucial roles in societal leadership. Within the past decade more women have emerged in taking positions of leadership in many areas concerning U.S. education in particularly the highest public position in education, Superintendent. Obtaining, sustaining, and maintaining high positions of power for any career woman does not come without a high price. The caliber and quality of woman who holds such positions of power like Ayn Rand, know that human greatness...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Females, Leadership, Superintendents, Literary Devices, Comparative Analysis, Miller,...
This paper presents heuristic explanations of factor scores, structure coefficients, and communality coefficients. Common misconceptions regarding these topics are clarified. In addition, (a) the regression (b) Bartlett, (c) Anderson-Rubin, and (d) Thompson methods for calculating factor scores are reviewed. Syntax necessary to execute all four methods are provided. Appended are: (1) SPSS Syntax for Regression, Bartlett, Anderson-Rubin, and Thompson Methods; and (2) SPSS Syntax for Multiple R...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Factor Structure, Misconceptions, Heuristics, Regression (Statistics), Factor...
The purpose of this translational study was twofold: (1) to contrast behavioral and brain activity between pathological and nonpathological gamblers, and (2) to examine differences as a function of the outcome of the spin of a slot machine, focusing predominately on the "Near-Miss"--when two reels stop on the same symbol, and that symbol is just above or below the payoff line on the third reel. Twenty-two participants (11 nonpathological; 11 pathological) completed the study by rating...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Brain, Behavior, Differences, Addictive Behavior, Comparative Analysis, Habib, Reza,...
A study examined the job-entry typewriting speeds of all 185 secretaries employed at East Tennessee State University, which was selected as an institution representative of large public universities with a college of medicine. The secretaries' scores on the timed typing test that they took at the time of their application for their present positions (in one of three secretarial levels) served as the study data set. The mean of all 185 secretaries' typing test scores was calculated as 61 with a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Employment Level, Employment Qualifications, Entry Workers,...
A RATIONALE AND A THEORETICAL SKETCH WERE DEVELOPED FOR EMPLOYING A PRAGMATISM DERIVED DIRECTLY FROM THE WORK OF CHARLES PEIRCE AS A PRIMARY CRITICAL TOOL FOR EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY. TO THIS END, THE AUTHOR SUMMARIZED THE PRINCIPAL EPISTEMOLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF PRAGMATISM AND OF ITS OFFSPRING, DEWEY'S EXPERIMENTALISM. HE ALSO APPRAISED BRIEFLY THE MAJOR DIFFERENCES OF PEIRCE'S SEMINAL THEORY AND DEWEY'S ADAPTATIONS THAT INFLUENCED LATER DEVELOPMENTS IN EDUCATIONAL THEORY. FINALLY, HE POSITED A...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Educational Philosophy, Educational...
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