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0.0
Aug 25, 2016
08/16
Aug 25, 2016
by
Anupama Gowda, Pavan Kumar
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Educators have long-standing experience using FabLabs in many parts of the globe. In India FabLabs are at a nascent stage and available for a small community of informed users, mostly in urban settings. Workbench Projects (WP), a young FabLab/Makerspace in Bangalore, made its first headway working with a select group of government school ‘theatre teachers’ under its pilot initiative of the Fab Educators Programme. Teachers became the ground zero of this project because they represent a...
Topics: STEAM Education, Models For Fab 2.0, Rural Fab 2.0, Teacher Training Programs, Project Based...
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0.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The Energy Efficient Engine (E3) Combustor Development effort was conducted as part of the overall NASA/GE E3 Program. This effort included the selection of an advanced double-annular combustion system design. The primary intent was to evolve a design which meets the stringent emissions and life goals of the E3 as well as all of the usual performance requirements of combustion systems for modern turbofan engines. Numerous detailed design studies were conducted to define the features of the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACEE PROGRAM, COMBUSTION, COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, COMBUSTION...
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0.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The dramatic increases in fuel costs and the potential for periods of limited fuel availability provided the impetus to explore technologies to reduce transport aircraft fuel consumption. NASA sponsored the Aircraft Energy Efficiency (ACEE) program beginning in 1976 to develop technologies to improve fuel efficiency. This report documents the Lockheed-Georgia Company accomplishments under NAS1-16235 LFC Laminar-Flow-Control Wing Panel Structural Design And Development (WSSD); Design,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACEE PROGRAM, BOUNDARY LAYER CONTROL, COMPOSITE STRUCTURES,...
2
2.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Experimental measurements of canopy attenuation at 10.2 GHz (X-band) for canopies of wheat and soybeans, experimental observations of the effect upon the microwave backscattering coefficient (sigma) of free water in a vegetation canopy, and experimental measurements of sigma (10.2 GHz, 50 deg, VV and VH polarization) of 30 agricultural fields over the growing season of each crop are discussed. The measurements of the canopy attenuation through wheat independently determined the attenuation...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BACKSCATTERING, CANOPIES (VEGETATION), CORN, KANSAS,...
2
2.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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A semi-empirical model for microwave backscatter from vegetation was developed and a complete set of canope attenuation measurements as a function of frequency, incidence angle and polarization was acquired. The semi-empirical model was tested on corn and sorghum data over the 8 to 35 GHz range. The model generally provided an excellent fit to the data as measured by the correlation and rms error between observed and predicted data. The model also predicted reasonable values of canopy...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BACKSCATTERING, CANOPIES (VEGETATION), MATHEMATICAL MODELS,...
2
2.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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LANDSAT 4 and 5, launched in 1982 and 1984, not only carried the Thematic Mapper, but were redesigned to handle the increased data rates associated with it, and to communicate that data to Earth via geosynchronous orbiting Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TDRS). The TM development program is summarized. A brief historical perspective is presented of the evolution of design requirements and hardware development. The basic performance parameters that serve as sensor design guidelines are...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), IMAGE PROCESSING, LANDSAT 4, LANDSAT 5, QUALITY CONTROL,...
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0.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The spatial, geometric, and radiometric qualities of LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper (TM) and multispectral scanner (MSS) data were evaluated by interpreting, through visual and computer means, film and digital products for selected agricultural and forest cover types in California. Multispectral analyses employing Bayesian maximum likelihood, discrete relaxation, and unsupervised clustering algorithms were used to compare the usefulness of TM and MSS data for discriminating individual cover types....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AGRICULTURE, CALIFORNIA, FORESTS, GEOMETRIC RECTIFICATION...
2
2.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The nature of the orbit error and its effect on the sea surface heights calculated with satellite altimetry are explained. The elementary concepts of celestial mechanics required to follow a general discussion of the problem are included. Consideration of errors in the orbits of satellites with precisely repeating ground tracks (SEASAT, TOPEX, ERS-1, POSEIDON, amongst past and future altimeter satellites) are detailed. The theoretical conclusions are illustrated with the numerical results of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EPHEMERIS TIME, ERROR ANALYSIS, GEODESY, GEOIDS,...
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0.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The calibration of the Flight 1 Model Thematic Mapper is discussed. Spectral response, scan profile, coherent noise, line spread profiles and white light leaks, square wave response, radiometric calibration, and commands and telemetry are specifically addressed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIBRATING, LANDSAT 5, MULTISPECTRAL BAND SCANNERS, REMOTE...
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0.0
Aug 24, 2016
08/16
Aug 24, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Several papers addressing image analysis and pattern recognition techniques for satellite imagery are presented. Texture classification, image rectification and registration, spatial parameter estimation, and surface fitting are discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CONFERENCES, IMAGE ANALYSIS, PATTERN RECOGNITION, SATELLITE...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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This bibliography lists 460 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1 and September 30, 1984. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE, EARTH RESOURCES PROGRAM, REMOTE...
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0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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An automated system was implemented to supersede existing manual procedures in fulfilling user requests made to a remote sensing data bank, concerning specifically LANDSAT imagery. The system controls the several production steps from request entry to the shipment of each final product. Special solutions and techniques were employed due to the severe limitations, in both hardware and software of the host minicomputer system.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMPUTER TECHNIQUES, DATA BASES, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION,...
3
3.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The utilization of MSS-LANDSAT and RADAR imagery in the definition of morphostructural anomalies, which are indicative of hydrocarbon entrapment sites in the limit of the Middle and Lower Amazons basins was systemized. The identification and classification of the morphostructural anomalies were accomplished by means of the drainage network interpretation, based on the criteria previously proposed. Thirty anomalies were recognized, being subdivided into twenty domes, two fault controlled domes,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AMAZON REGION (SOUTH AMERICA), ANOMALIES, DRAINAGE,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Achievements in communication; space science; space transportation; aeronautics; and Earth resources and environment are summarized. Activities of the various Federal agencies and cooperation with NASA in these areas are described. The Presidential policy announcement on the endorsement of commercial operation of expendable launch vehicles is included. Tables show, the space activities budget; a historical budget summary, U.S. space launch vehicles; U.S. and Soviet manned spaceflights, 1961 to...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE SCIENCES, NASA PROGRAMS,...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The shape and orbital characteristics of Phobos, the larger and innermost of Mars' two irregular moons, are discussed and illustrated. Also presented are the high resolution pictures of Phobos that were obtained during the close flybys of Viking Orbiters 1 and 2. The viewing geometry is also given for each picture.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PHOBOS, SATELLITE SURFACES, SPACEBORNE PHOTOGRAPHY, VIKING...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The long-term durability of those advanced composite materials which are applicable to aircraft structures was discussed. The composite components of various military and commercial aircraft and helicopters were reviewed. Both ground exposure and flight service were assessed in terms of their impact upon composite structure durability. The ACEE Program is mentioned briefly.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIRCRAFT, AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, AIRCRAFT DESIGN,...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The NASA Aircraft Energy Efficiency (ACEE) Composite Primary Aircraft Structures Program was designed to develop technology for advanced composites in commercial aircraft. Research on composite materials, aircraft structures, and aircraft design is presented herein. The following parameters of composite materials were addressed: residual strength, damage tolerance, toughness, tensile strength, impact resistance, buckling, and noise transmission within composite materials structures.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACEE PROGRAM, AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, AIRCRAFT...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Work with digital data of Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah and California demonstrate that the increased spectral refinement and spatial resolution of TM over MSS data greatly increase the value of the data to petroleum exploration in roles ranging from logistic planning to direct detection of phenomena related to microseepage of hydrocarbons. The value of the spatial content versus the spectral content of the data increases as soil and vegetation cover increase. The structural detail visible...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, DATA CORRELATION, OIL EXPLORATION,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Photographs of the planet Mars generated by the Viking Mars program are presented and discussed. The Martian surface and its volcanoes receive particular attention. In addition, the atmosphere, temperature, surface craters, polar regions, and composition of Mars are briefly reviewed. Planetary evolution is considered. The highlights of the Mariner program for Mars are given.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MARS (PLANET), MARS SURFACE, MARS VOLCANOES, PLANETARY...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Moisture content of snow-free, unfrozen soil is inferred using passive microwave brightness temperatures from the scanning multichannel microwave radiometer (SMMR) on Nimbus-7. Investigation is restricted to the two polarizations of the 1.66 cm wavelength sensor. Passive microwave estimates of soil moisture are of two basic categories; those based upon soil emissivity and those based upon the polarization of soil emission. The two methods are compared and contrasted through the investigation of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE, GREAT PLAINS CORRIDOR (NORTH...
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0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The exploration of a monsoon depression over Burma and the Bay of Bengal is discussed. Aircraft and satellite data were examined, with an emphasis on the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) aboard TIROS-N and the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) aboard Nimbus-7. The structure of the monsoon depression was found to be dominated by cumulus convection. The only systematic large scale behavior discerned was a propagation of the depression westward, and diurnal migration of contours of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE, BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE, CUMULUS CLOUDS,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Outcrops are studied in the Copper Project test area of the Rio Grande do Sul State of Brazil. The accuracy of LANDSAT-MSS data is checked against field data. A preliminary geological map is included on a scale of 1:500,000 that describes 820 outcrop over an area of 1,700 kilometers.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRAZIL, DATA CORRELATION, GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS, OUTCROPS,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The chemical/petrochemical industry devotes a large percentage of its gross income to research and development, with much of its R and D of a long-term nature. As the chemical industry is examined as a candidate for space investigations, it is readily apparent that research and development in the space environment may lead to attractive commercial opportunities. The advantages of low gravity manufacturing, with a particular emphasis on chemical catalysts, are presented herein specifically for...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CATALYSTS, INDUSTRIES, LOW GRAVITY MANUFACTURING, METALLURGY,...
0
0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Research activities performed on MAGSAT scalar data over South America, Central America, and the adjacent marine areas are summarized. The geologic utility of magnetic anomalies detected by satellite is demonstrated by focusing on the spherical-Earth interpretation of scalar MAGSAT data in combination with ancillary geological and geophysical data to obtain lithospheric models for these regions related to their contemporary crustal dynamics processes, geologic history, current volcanism...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA PROCESSING, EARTH CRUST, LITHOSPHERE, MAGNETIC...
0
0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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This bibliography lists 475 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between January 1 and March 31, 1984. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE, EARTH RESOURCES PROGRAM, REMOTE...
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0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The Global Modeling and Simulation Branch (GMSB) of the Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences (GLAS) is engaged in general circulation modeling studies related to global atmospheric and oceanographic research. The research activities discussed are organized into two disciplines: Global Weather/Observing Systems and Climate/Ocean-Air Interactions. The Global Weather activities are grouped in four areas: (1) Analysis and Forecast Studies, (2) Satellite Observing Systems, (3) Analysis and Model...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION, ATMOSPHERIC MODELS, ATMOSPHERIC...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Data from field surveys and biogeochemical tests conducted in Maine, Montana, and Washington strongly correlate with results obtained using high resolution airborne spectroradiometer which detects an anomalous spectral waveform that appears definitely associated with sulfide mineralization. The spectral region most affected by mineral stress is between 550 nm and 750 nm. Spectral variations observed in the field occur on the wings of the red chlorophyll band centered at about 690 nm. The...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GEOBOTANY, GROUND TRUTH, MINERALS, PLANT...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The characteristics of 17 cover types (13 forest types or tree species and 4 nonforest cover types) in Michigan are discussed as well as their interpretation from medium scale color infrared photography. The occurrence of each type is described by region and site requirements. Those attributes of a tree or stand which are helpful when attempting to interpret the type from a vertical perspective are discussed as well as common crown types. The identification of the forest type or tree species by...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CANOPIES (VEGETATION), COLOR INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY, FORESTS,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
by
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Research was done in the following areas: development and validation of solution algorithms, modeling techniques, integrated finite elements for flow-thermal-structural analysis and design, optimization of aircraft and spacecraft for the best performance, reduction of loads and increase in the dynamic structural stability of flexible airframes by the use of active control, methods for predicting steady and unsteady aerodynamic loads and aeroelastic characteristics of flight vehicles with...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROELASTICITY, AIRCRAFT DESIGN, FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, LOADS...
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0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Representative data spans covering a little more than a year since the LANDSAT-4 launch were analyzed to evaluate the flight performance of the satellite's horizon scanner. High frequency noise was filtered out by 128-point averaging. The effects of Earth oblateness and spacecraft altitude variations are modeled, and residual systematic errors are analyzed. A model for the predicted radiance effects is compared with the flight data and deficiencies in the radiance effects modeling are noted....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEODESY, HORIZON SCANNERS, INFRARED DETECTORS, LANDSAT 4,...
0
0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Data bases and information systems developed and maintained by state agencies to support planning and management of environmental and nutural resources were inventoried for all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. The information obtained is assembled into a computerized data base catalog which is throughly cross-referecence. Retrieval is possible by code, state, data base name, data base acronym, agency, computer, GIS capability, language, specialized software, data category name,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA BASES, ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION...
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0.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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An Energy Efficient Engine (E3) program was established to develop technology for improving the energy efficiency of future commercial transport aircraft engines. As part of this program, General Electric designed and tested a new engine. The design, fabrication, bench and engine testing of the Full Authority Digital Electronic Control (FADEC) system used for controlling the E3 Demonstrator Engine is described. The system design was based on many of the proven concepts and component designs...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACEE PROGRAM, ENGINE DESIGN, ENGINE PARTS, ENGINE TESTS,...
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1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The high pressure turbine for the General Electric Energy Efficient Engine is a two stage design of moderate loading. Results of detailed system studies led to selection of this configuration as the most appropriate in meeting the efficiency goals of the component development program. To verify the design features of the high pressure turbine, a full scale warm air turbine test rig with cooling flows simulated was run. Prior to this testing, an annular cascade test was run to select vane...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACEE PROGRAM, AERODYNAMIC CONFIGURATIONS, ENERGY CONVERSION...
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2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The formalism of the sidelobe suppression algorithm and the method used to calculate the system noise figure for a 30 GHz monolithic receive array are presented. Results of array element weight determination and performance studies of a Gregorian aperture image system are also given.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ANTENNA DESIGN, SATELLITE ANTENNAS, SIDELOBE REDUCTION,...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The relationship between forest clearing, biophysical factors (e.g, ecological zones, slope gradient, soils), and transportation network in Costa Rica was analyzed. The location of forested areas at four reference datas (1940, 1950, 1961, and 1977) as derived from aerial photography and LANDSAT MSS data was digitilized and entered into a geographically-referenced data base. Ecological zones as protrayed by the Holdridge Life Zone Ecology System, and the location of roads and railways were also...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CLEARINGS (OPENINGS), COSTA RICA, DEFORESTATION, ECOLOGY,...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Comparisons of the spectral response for incomplete (well-defined row structure) and complete (overlapping row structure) canopies of soybeans indicated a greater dependence on Sun and view geometry for the incomplete canopies. Red and near-IR reflectance for the incomplete canopy decreased as solar zenith angle increased for a nadir view angle until the soil between the plant rows was completely shaded. Thereafter for increasing solar zenith angle, the red reflectance leveled off and the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CANOPIES (VEGETATION), INFRARED RADIATION, NEAR INFRARED...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Global modeling; satellite data assimilation and initialization; simulation of future observing systems; model and observed energetics; dynamics of planetary waves; First Global Atmospheric Research Program Global Experiment (FGGE) diagnosis studies; and National Research Council Research Associateship Program are discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION, GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH PROGRAM,...
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2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The use of spectral attributes criteria was investigated, based on measures of statistical distance of separability between thematic classes in MSS digital LANDSAT imagery, in order to select the best subsets of channels in composite colors for the detection and discrimination of lithological units in the lower valley of Curaca River, State of Bahia, Brazil. Three situations were investigated: (1) selection of the three best channels, considering all of the original bands (channels 4, 5, 6, and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRAZIL, CHANNELS (DATA TRANSMISSION), LITHOLOGY, RIVER...
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2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Digital imagery acquired by satellite have inherent geometrical distortion due to sensor characteristics and to platform variations. In INPE a software system for geometric correction of LANDSAT MSS imagery is under development. Such connected imagery will be useful for map generation. Important examples are the generation of LANDSAT image-charts for the Amazon region and the possibility of integrating digital satellite imagery into a Geographic Information System.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMPUTER AIDED MAPPING, COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS, GEOMETRIC...
1
1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The South-Central United States Magnetic Anomaly is the most prominent positive feature in the MAGSAT scalar magnetic field over North America. The anomaly correlates with increased crustal thickness, above average crustal velocity, negative free air gravity anomalies and an extensive zone of Middle Proterozoic anorogenic felsic basement rocks. Spherical dipole source inversion of the MAGSAT scalar data and subsequent calculation of reduced to pole and derivative maps provide constraints for a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH CRUST, GEOMAGNETISM, MAGNETIC ANOMALIES, UNITED STATES,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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The development of methodologies to classify reforested areas using remotely sensed data is discussed. A preliminary study was carried out in northeast of the Sao Paulo State in 1978. The reforested areas of Pinus spp and Eucalyptus spp were based on the spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics fo LANDSAT imagery. Afterwards, a more detailed study was carried out in the Mato Grosso do Sul State. The reforested areas were mapped in functions of the age (from: 0 to 1 year, 1 to 2 years, 2...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRAZIL, FORESTS, THEMATIC MAPPING, VEGETATION GROWTH,...
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3.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Remote sensing and its application as an alternative technique to mineral resource exploration are reviewed. Emphasis is given here to the analysis of the three basic attributes of remote sensing, i.e., spatial attributes related to regional structural mapping, spectral attributes related to rock discrimination and seasonal attributes related to geobotanic anomalies mapping, all of which are employed in mineral exploration. Special emphasis is given to new developments of the Thematic Mapper of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ANNUAL VARIATIONS, ANOMALIES, GEOBOTANY, GEOLOGY, HYGRAL...
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1.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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Earth science applications of Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery are discussed. Prospective research themes are defined in a general sense in relation to the technical measurement capabilities of the TM and the various types of Earth information that can potentially be derived from multispectral TM imagery. An overview of the system developed to acquire and reduce TM data is presented. The technical capabilities of this system are presented in detail. The orbital performance of the TM sensor is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH SCIENCES, SATELLITE OBSERVATION, SYSTEMS ANALYSIS,...
2
2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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A climatology of ozone for altitudes from FL190 to FL590 (19,000 to 59,000 ft) is presented. Climatological tables are given in two appendixes: one with d deg latitude resolution on a monthly basis, and one with 10 deg latitude resolution on a seasonal basis. Data were taken from 11,472 balloon-borne ozonesondes launched at 60 stations from 1963 to 1980 and from over 160,000 observations made by the Global Atmospheric Sampling Program on 4417 commercial airliner flights from 1975 to 1979. Case...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CLIMATOLOGY, DATA ACQUISITION, DATA CORRELATION, GLOBAL AIR...
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2.0
Aug 23, 2016
08/16
Aug 23, 2016
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
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A common scientific methodology and terminology is outlined for characterizing the radiometry of both TM sensors. The magnitude of the most significant sources of radiometric variability are discussed and methods are recommended for achieving the exceptional potential inherent in the radiometric precision and accuracy of the TM sensors.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), IMAGE PROCESSING, LANDSAT 4, RADIANCE, RADIOMETRIC...
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Aug 23, 2016
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Aug 23, 2016
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The image characteristics of digital data generated by LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper (TM) are discussed. Digital data from the TM resides in tape files at various stages of image processing. Within each image data file, the image lines are blocked by a factor of either 5 for a computer compatible tape CCT-BT, or 4 for a CCT-AT and CCT-PT; in each format, the image file has a different format. Nominal geometric corrections which provide proper geodetic relationships between different parts of the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMPUTER COMPATIBLE TAPES, DIGITAL DATA, DIGITAL TECHNIQUES,...
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Aug 23, 2016
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Aug 23, 2016
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Dealiased SEASAT SEASAT A Scatterometer System SASS vector winds obtained during the Gulf Of Alaska SEASAT Experiment GOASEX program are processed to obtain superobservations centered on a one degree by one degree grid. The grid. The results provide values for the combined effects of mesoscale variability and communication noise on the individual SASS winds. These superobservations winds are then processed further to obtain estimates of synoptic scale vector winds stress fields, the horizontal...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION, IMAGE PROCESSING, MESOSCALE...
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Aug 23, 2016
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Aug 23, 2016
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This bibliography lists 541 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE, EARTH RESOURCES PROGRAM,...
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Aug 23, 2016
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Aug 23, 2016
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A series of brief summaries of the results of individual investigations of LANDSAT 4 image data characteristics are presented. Topics are divided into MSS and TM investigations, and applications of the imaging techniques. Radiometric and geometric accuracy are emphasized.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMETRIC ACCURACY, IMAGE PROCESSING, IMAGING TECHNIQUES,...
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Aug 23, 2016
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Aug 23, 2016
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A general overview of the LANDSAT 4 system with emphasis on the Thematic Mapper (TM) is presented. A variety of topics on the design, calibration, capabilities, and image processing techniques of the TM sensor are discussed in detail. The comparison of TM data with other MSS data is also investigated.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIBRATING, DATA CORRELATION, IMAGE PROCESSING, LANDSAT 4,...