This article presents and compares the similar views of William Glasser, M.D., founder and president of the William Glasser Institute in Los Angeles, and author of scores of best selling books; and William Watson Purkey, Ed.D, co-founder of the International Association for Invitational Education (IAIE), Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, and also a prodigious author. Dr. William Glasser is most famous for his contributions to psychiatry and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teaching Methods, Psychiatry, Counselor Training, Educational Change, Counseling,...
The purpose of this study was to examine whether constructs drawn from invitational theory serve as additional sources of self-efficacy beliefs of students in Grade 6 (N = 468). The hypothesized sources and the invitational constructs each correlated with academic self-efficacy. Invitations, mastery experience, and physiological state predicted the self-efficacy beliefs of boys and of girls. Social persuasions also predicted girls' self-efficacy. Invitations, mastery experience, and social...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Grade 6, Epistemology, White Students, African American Students, Self Efficacy, Self...
This essay outlines several ways in which educators might better prepare young people of all backgrounds to understand, enter, and eventually act upon the changing economic landscape. The contributors to this article, which presents perspectives on social class and education in the United States, suggest that one might learn some lessons from the examples of those who have already made the journey. The work collected in this article also suggests intriguing new directions for educating poor and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Working Class, Social Differences, Social Class, Access to Education, Education Work...
This study compares academically gifted students who engage in sports to academically gifted students who do not engage in sports on measures of the multidimensional self-concept. Participants include 264 gifted adolescents who had completed the 6th through 10th grade during the previous academic year. Sports participation was measured by asking participants whether or not they participated in organized sports. Multiple facets of self-concept were measured using the Self Description...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academically Gifted, Adolescents, Athletics, Student Participation, Self Concept,...
In this brief report, two examples are presented of self-portraits spontaneously produced by chemically dependent patients who participated in art therapy while in an acute inpatient psychiatric hospital. The author concludes that self-portraits provide true-to-life representations of the diseased aspects of the self and enable patients to confront their addictive natures. (Contains 5 figures.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Patients, Art Therapy, Psychiatric Hospitals, Portraiture, Substance Abuse, Self...
In this article, the author looks closely at the challenges of teaching a graduate multicultural education seminar from an instructor's personal perspective. First, she discusses her cultural identity and her rationale for teaching multicultural education. Second, she explains her philosophy of multicultural education. Third, she outlines the objectives of the course. Fourth, she discusses the teaching challenges she encounters in teaching the course, from the perspective of a faculty of color...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Multicultural Education, College Faculty, Reflective Teaching, Self Concept, Teaching...
Eight non-Aboriginal school counselors, who temporarily lived in Nunavut to provide services to Inuit clients, were interviewed regarding changes in their sense of self and their racial/cultural identity as a result of cross-cultural immersion. They were also engaged in an arts-based exercise where they pictorially represented perceived self-changes. Analysis of counsellors' narratives of their experiences in Nunavut and their art work revealed an increasing awareness of their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Eskimos, School Counselors, Mental Health Workers, Counseling Techniques, Racial...
Heart disease is the leading cause of illness, disability, and death among women in Canada. Myocardial infarction (MI) accounts for almost half of these deaths yearly. The purpose of this study was to understand younger women's experience of recovery from MI. A purposive sample consisting of six younger women diagnosed with MI participated in an eight-week guided autobiographical (GA) group intervention where they engaged in weekly reflection, writing, and group dialogue. The experience of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Intervention, Heart Disorders, Females, Young Adults, Emotional...
Academic competitions have long been an aspect of programming for the gifted. These competitions can facilitate a learning environment that presents gifted students the academic challenge that often is difficult to create in a single classroom or school. They can offer the types of experiences that foster the development of productive attitudes and work habits. They also can nurture emotional and psychological growth. Some of these benefits can be defined within the framework of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Role Models, Academically Gifted, Competition, Middle School Students, Student...
The TIMSS 1995, 1999, and 2003 data have been gathered from Hong Kong before and after its sovereignty switch from the United Kingdom to China in 1997. Built on a reciprocal relation theory from the research literature, this investigation is designed to examine models of student self-concept and mathematics achievement during the political transition. Along with a perceived "brain drain" from the population migration, there was a non-monotonic change in the reciprocal relationship...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Achievement, Cultural Awareness, Foreign...
Factor analysis allows researchers to conduct exploratory analyses of latent variables, reduce data in large datasets, and test specific models. The purpose of this paper is to review common uses of factor analysis, provide general guidelines for best practices, illustrate these guidelines with examples using previously published self-concept data, and discuss common pitfalls and ways to avoid them. (Contains 4 tables, 1 figure and 3 endnotes.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Gifted, Factor Structure, Factor Analysis, Guidelines, Self Concept, Plucker,...
In this paper, we present findings from the second stage of a three year longitudinal study involving 3,570 students aged 13-18 in a London Borough looking at the impact of Widening Participation (WP) on the attitudes of students. We outline findings from a previous stage and then focus specifically on two cohorts of Year 10 students (aged 14-15) in two consecutive years. The students completed the specially designed Attitudes to Higher Education Questionnaire (AHEQ) and provided information on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Postsecondary Education, School Attitudes, Academic Aspiration, Social Influences,...
This article argues that education has a role in promoting young people's wellbeing. It draws on research on young people's lives to highlight the changing world for which educators prepare young people. While older educational agendas such as literacies and numeracy remain significant, it is argued that education is increasingly important for its role in assisting young people to develop the capacities and skills that will enable them to live well and that will enhance social cohesion....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Young Adults, Role of Education, Well Being, Education Work Relationship,...
Quality of life is directly influenced by the quality of social relationships. Social capital, a reflection of the cohesiveness of social networks, is considered a significant determinant of health outcomes. Among social beings, lack of quality social connections correlates with poor health consequences. Membership in social networks and social bonds enhance individual's self-worth and self-esteem, and improve access to information, resources and support critical to well being. Moreover,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Health Education, Well Being, Access to Information, Social Environment, Social...
This study explored the differences in the rated social skills of elementary-aged students at-risk for emotional/behavioural disorders (E/BD) based on severity of academic difficulties. Teachers nominated students at-risk for E/BD who were classified into four groups of academic difficulty based on the Wide Range Achievement Test-3. Students, parents, and teachers completed the Social Skills Rating System. Teachers' ratings indicated that academic strengths did not significantly affect...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Tests, Academic Achievement, Teacher Attitudes, Correlation, Self...
The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to examine the subjective experiences of six recovering addicts as they reflected on how their interactions with others facilitated or impeded their healing from addiction. The study involved in-depth interviews with six participants who had recovered from their extensive substance abuse histories. Seven themes common to all participants included losses/gains, support/discouragement, understanding/misunderstanding, belonging/not...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Substance Abuse, Interviews, Self Concept, Psychological Patterns, Counseling...
Ninety-four gifted children and 200 nongifted children (aged 9 to 13 years old) were involved in the present study. Their self-concept was assessed by the Revised Song-Hattie Self-Concept Inventory (Zhou & He, 1996). Academic self-concepts pertaining to abilities, school achievements, and grade concepts and nonacademic self-concepts pertaining to family, peers, body, and self-confidence concepts, as well as self-concept in general, were considered in the present study. The findings...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academically Gifted, Self Concept Measures, Self Concept, Academic Ability, Academic...
This research project employs a historical methodology to analyze and characterize the growth of the knowledge base in gifted education following the U.S. Department of Education's (1993) report, "National Excellence: A Case for Developing America's Talent." Topical priorities and descriptors of inquiry are compared against the recommendations of the National Excellence report. During the 10-year period from 1994 to 2003, a disconnect is evidenced between recommendations and actual...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Research, Academically Gifted, Research Needs, Gender Differences,...
When adult learners return to formal education after a period of absence, coping with change is a constant and often omnipresent challenge. As they come to break down previous barriers to success in an educational arena, many adult learners are able to change the perceptions they have of themselves as learners. Previously held assumptions are often challenged and perceptions of how individuals come to hold these views undergo scrutiny. Using Cranton's (2002) phases of perspective transformation...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Transformative Learning, Adult Basic Education, Adult Education, Adult Learning,...
One hundred and fifty-five students (average age, 10 years 7 months) were initially tested on reading, arithmetic, and academic self-perception. One year later they were tested again. Initial academic scores accounted for a large proportion of the variance in later academic scores. The children's self-perceptions of academic competence accounted for significant variance in academic performance one year later. However, neither the academic self-perceptions at the beginning of the study nor...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Age, Self Concept, Academic Achievement, Academic Ability, Testing, Scores,...
Traditionally, students with disabilities have been denied a voice in where or how they should receive their education. Much of the literature about education for adolescents focused on both non-disabled students' and teachers' perceptions of working with students with disabilities. Although there is limited research that examines the perceptions of high school students with disabilities towards their education, the existing literature indicates that most students want to do well in school and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Attitudes, School Attitudes, Student Experience, Disabilities, Educational...
The ancient Greeks proclaimed, "Know thyself." This prescript is particularly critical in the educational arena because no pedagogical tool can serve a teacher or a student who lacks self-knowledge. Effective educators understand that only by knowing and capitalizing on their own and students' strengths can they achieve true excellence. Unfortunately, many of us focus on repairing weaknesses rather than using our strengths to their greatest advantage. For preservice and in-service...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Self Concept, Positive Reinforcement, Teacher Responsibility,...
Children and adolescents in the United States are increasingly overweight at younger ages. Many studies have investigated the issue from the perspective of professionals and other adults. This study assessed early adolescents' perceptions regarding the magnitude of, effects of, causes of, solutions for, and learning preferences related to overweight. Data were obtained from 1,168 students, grades four to eight, who visited nine health education centers. Data were collected anonymously via...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Obesity, Health Education, Children, Adolescents, Cognitive Style, Nutrition,...
Much more attention has been given to the health implications of overweight and obesity than to the psychosocial implications. In order to combat obesity effectively, it is important to understand the implications of overweight on self-concept, self-esteem, and physical activity levels. Youth obesity has been associated with negative psychosocial conditions, such as alienation and isolation, which can lead to depression and other negative health outcomes. Also, body consciousness can become a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Obesity, Physical Activities, Physical Activity Level, Depression (Psychology), Self...
This article takes a comprehensive look at the effects of pectus excavatum, a congenital deformity with psychosocial and physical ramifications, and the Nuss procedure on the quality of life of adolescents. The Nuss procedure is a minimally invasive corrective surgery. Twenty-five participants from Calgary, Alberta were interviewed (10 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 16, 8 mothers, and 7 fathers) regarding their experiences with pectus excavatum before, during recovery, and after...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Quality of Life, Surgery, Adolescents, Congenital Impairments, Well Being,...
This article is a follow-up to a larger study of 23 interns, drawn from a sample of approximately 100 elementary interns, and their year-long development. Teacher vulnerability was a dominating theme of that study, and several sources were identified and explored that mostly paralleled those discussed in the wider literature including the external forms connected to the bureaucratic nature of teachers' work, the busyness of teaching, administrator evaluation, and the rise of standardized...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mentors, Student Behavior, Administrator Evaluation, Standardized Tests, Teacher...
This article presents the authors' ongoing research into two different pedagogical projects within teacher credential courses: one in critical multicultural education and the other in foundations of education. The data were gathered in Northern California and in Colorado. Both projects were designed to help students-teachers become more aware of how they relate to their own students, and of the knowledge that they take for granted. Of particular interest was the body of knowledge that may be...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Multicultural Education, Hidden Curriculum, Foundations of Education, Teacher...
Since instruction in writing theory and pedagogy for preservice teachers is often limited, it is essential that teacher educators provide learning experiences that are supported by research in effective teacher preparation and make maximum impact in the time available. One of the experiences that has been identified as holding promise for effective teacher preparation is having candidates examine their personal theories and beliefs in relation to theory and practice. Personal histories or...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teachers, Literacy Education, Writing Workshops, Autobiographies, Student...
School change is inevitable. As a human institution, schools are in a constant state of transformation, and individual teachers adapt or provide the impetus for that transformation all the time. The question, then, is not whether there will be change, but what change there will be--a question complicated by the fact that change means different things to different people. The tensions between innovation-status quo and teacher-administrator perceptions within a school-change effort form the basis...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Restructuring, Teacher Burnout, Conflict, Educational Change, School...
This paper explores the process of national identity development, and closely related themes among Palestinian student activists in the Israeli universities. Informed by the tradition of social identity theory, in-depth qualitative inquiry was conducted with an intensity sample of 35 Palestinian student activists attending the major five Israeli universities. Grounded theory analysis conducted on the open-ended interviews, document analysis and field observation revealed five dominant themes,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Qualitative Research, Jews, Nationalism, Foreign Countries, Universities, Arabs,...
Using a new method to measure identity, we attempt to capture salient identities of young children developing into "good students." Using a nationally representative sample of American kindergarteners who advance to the first grade, derived from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, we examine identities based on socio-economic status, motor skills and weight that affect school performance as measured by both cognitive and non-cognitive skill assessments. Results reveal that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Body Weight, Socioeconomic Status, Federal Legislation, Academic Achievement, Young...
Worldwide, teachers' work continues to be the subject of discussion and debate, especially in terms of teacher competence and its appropriate appraisal. Available literature offers a number of perspectives of beginning teacher competence, yet the voices of beginning teachers themselves are not represented. This paper outlines the findings of a phenomenographic study that sought to uncover the conceptions of competence held by beginning teachers. The results of this study suggest that beginning...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Classroom Techniques, Beginning Teachers, Teacher Competencies, Teacher Attitudes,...
Promoting the development of positive interpersonal communication skills has been identified as one of the National Health Education Standards. The propensity to feel shame has been linked to ineffective conflict resolution and is a key component in the development of certain destructive behavioral patterns. This study sought to determine the differences between shame proneness and guilt proneness on measures of constructive and maladaptive responses to anger among a population of students at...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Interpersonal Communication, Health Education, Conflict Resolution, Communication...
It is acknowledged, nationally and internationally, that Invitational Education is actively practised in many schools. However, there is a paucity of articles describing the relationship between Invitational Education and specific disciplines at the elementary and high school levels. As such, this article attempts to address this shortcoming by discussing how and in what manner Invitational Education is applicable to the Art classroom. Applying the principles of Invitational Education, the Art...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Theories, Self Concept, Academic Achievement, Art Education, Elementary...
In this article, the authors present their duo-ethnographic conversation on social justice activism which explores issues of identity, racism, and activism with young people. The authors initiated their writing of this article as a sporadic and candid e-mail conversation between colleagues over the course of five months from in 2006. Both of them strived to be conscious of the interplay between their own identities as people who have worked collaboratively in anti-racist activism with young...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Justice, Racial Bias, Young Adults, Ethnography, Activism, Electronic Mail,...
Inspired by studies of apprenticeship and theories of situated learning, this study argues that learning should be understood in relation to ongoing social practice. Using interview material and participant observation studying piano students' learning at the Academy of Music in Aarhus, it describes how transparency and access to the music culture at the Academy are important for the piano students' learning processes. In particular, two ways of learning are described: learning by imitation and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Apprenticeships, Music Education, Participant Observation, Interviews, Learning...
This pilot study sought to determine if participation in an after school community-based exercise program would result in improved fitness, self-concept, and social skills in a heterogeneous sample of children and adolescents with disabilities. Eighteen participants with physical and/or cognitive disabilities were recruited for an 8-week exercise program. Pre/post testing measures included: a modified Presidential Fitness Test (PFT), Energy Expenditure Index (EEI), body mass index (BMI), and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Body Composition, Exercise, Pretests Posttests, Adolescents, Children, Physical...
This year-long case study examines how a struggling reader in a sixth-grade social studies class, a seventh grade mathematics class, and an eighth grade science class "transacted" with the reading task demands of her specific classroom. Through regular classroom observations and interviews, the researcher documents how each student responded to and worked with text and reading instruction provided by her respective content area teacher. The results suggest that each student attempted...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Content Area Reading, Social Studies, Science Education, Mathematics Education,...
The purpose of this study was to examine problem-based learning (pbl) and how students in the middle grades math and science classroom perceived its effectiveness. Analysis of student perceptions of changes in their learning processes and self-efficacy was analyzed through student interviews. Data identified the components of changes in students' learning processes and self-efficacy, which include self-confidence, group dynamics, and self-motivation. Data revealed that students' perceptions...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Attitudes, Self Efficacy, Problem Based Learning, Group Dynamics, Learning...
Studies investigating cultural influences on second-language writing have been mainly product-oriented. Moreover, research on writing processes has mostly focused on the strategies of writing and learning to write. Writing processes where we can see the evolution of the writer's identity and beliefs have been less adequately addressed. Therefore, this article focuses on the dynamic relationship of culture, identity, and beliefs with regard to the writing process (the micro-process) and the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Writing Processes, Learning Processes, Cultural Influences, English (Second...
Linguistic minority students in schools must acquire and operate in a second language while negotiating mainstream texts and content areas, along with negotiating an emerging new sense of social identity. This article presents journal data from an Australian ethnographic study that explored the relationship between second-language use, textual practices in school, and the representation of identity. Such texts normally lie outside the dominant school discourses, but for students they are a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Language Minorities, Ethnography, Social Environment, Self Concept, Student Journals,...
The author's autobiographical poem [inspired by George Ella Lyon (1999)], marked the beginning of an arts-based inquiry into a question of identity that took further shape through a video-artwork, "The Evolution of an Art Teacher: Where I'm From." Arts-based research is a methodology that uses a myriad of forms and combinations of creative arts experiences for ways of understanding through the discovery of new knowledge and meaning. Beginning at the level of the body, the video...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Poetry, Art, Research, Self Concept, Autobiographies, Videotape Recordings, Art...
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) has been found effective in treating a wide number of psychological conditions affecting adults. To date, however, little research has been done on the use of ACT with youth and parents. Few efforts have been made at summarizing the literature that does exist. This article, therefore, is a review of empirical and theoretical work with these populations. Online databases, ACT-related websites, and personal communication...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counseling Techniques, Therapy, Counseling Effectiveness, Youth, Parents, Literature...
Eisner, Gardner, and others have argued that the arts should be better integrated into the K-12 curriculum. In this study we examine three high school senior boys who, as part of a unit of instruction on identity, each produced a mask through which he artistically expressed his sense of self. Using a sociocultural framework based in the work of Vygotsky, we analyzed the boys' composition of their masks in terms of their goals for working on the project, the material and psychological tools they...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Literacy Education, Males, High School Seniors, Art Products, English Instruction,...
This study takes up the challenge of middle level researchers to investigate the extent to which schools prepare young adolescents to commit themselves to serve the public interest. One way of assessing the orientation of children and adolescents to the public good is through their emerging self-understanding. This study analyzes middle school students' descriptions of the ideal, real, and dreaded selves. Fewer than half the participants describe themselves with at least one moral...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Middle Schools, Hidden Curriculum, Adolescents, Moral Development, Self Concept, Self...
This article concerns artistic development within the context of a Master of Fine Arts program in visual arts in Sweden, and presents an empirical study based on repeated interviews with a group of art students. The aim is to contribute to our present understanding of artistic development by focusing on changes in the relation between the student and his/her artistic work as part of their artistic development. The study describes and analyzes the character of these changes, within the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Visual Arts, Studio Art, Masters Programs, Interviews, Graduate...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the interplay between personality factors and metaphorical schemas. The "Big Five" personality factors of 20 patients after lung transplantation were examined with the NEO-FFI. Patients were questioned about their social network, and self- and body-image. The interviews were assessed with metaphor analysis. Significant positive correlations were found between "extraversion" and metaphors for acoustics, play/sport and economy,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Personality Traits, Figurative Language, Personality, Patients, Correlation,...
One of the key reasons that multimedia, and particularly hypertext systems, are gaining in importance is that they inspire hopes of optimizing learners' processes of knowledge construction. The present study is concerned with the respective influence of individual learner variables (i.e. particularly domain-specific prior knowledge) on the use of different design attributes. Thirty-six university students worked through a hierarchically structured two-part hypertext about the psychology of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Design, Prior Learning, Hypermedia, College Students, Navigation...
The aim of this article is to raise awareness in L2 education about the relationship between second-language learners' linguistic choices in the L2 and their identities. The author reviews empirical research and language-learning narratives that show that L2 learners may purposely use nonstandard L2 forms. Using a poststructuralist framework to conceptualize identity, the author argues that these second-language learners use nonstandard language in the L2 in order to create positive identities,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Second Language Learning, Adult Students, Self Concept, Language Usage, Zsabo,...
This project examined some of the common constraints on reliable cognitive assessment for children over time. Repeated measures design (n = 133) was with younger (5 & 6 year old, n = 64) and older (7 & 8 year old, n = 69) children. Results showed that children's self-concepts moderated the test-retest reliability over extended intervals for younger and older children. Social self-categorizations moderated slightly the test-retest reliability for both age groups. For younger children...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Test Reliability, Cognitive Measurement, Self Concept, Age Differences, Intervals,...