This paper explores some of the historical and political ancestries of constructivism. In it, I suggest that there are dark and potentially ecologically disastrous themes hidden in the happy use of constructivism in contemporary education.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Constructivism (Learning), Ecology, Self Esteem, Negative Attitudes, Philosophy,...
In recent years there has been a marked increase in the output of literature linking economics with education. In the past, most of the professional literature in this area dealt either with educational finance (the economics of education) or, in a general way, with the role of education in economic development. Current literature continues to deal with these two fields, but in such a way as to introduce a new field, or at least to direct attention to new uses for materials developed in the two...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Educational History, Human Capital, Role of Education, Labor Force...
This paper makes a case for "good politics for good education", with special reference to Nigeria. It surveys the impact of good and bad politics on the attainment of Meaningful Access to education with special focus on Nigeria's Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme. Good politics is to be likened to what the French call "la politique au sense noble du terme" (politics in the noble sense of the term--or statesmanship) while bad politics is to be likened to a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Preschool Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Democracy,...
The "ISSS Annual Conference Proceedings" is a peer-reviewed professional publication published once a year following the annual conference. (Individual papers contain references.) [For the 2009 proceedings, see ED504973.]
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Studies, Proverbs, Social Justice, Global Approach, Photography, Visual Aids,...
This paper relies on documentary analysis available from primary and secondary data to identify policies that were put in place to arrest the shift of the Tanzanian educational system during the last decade of the 20th century from "Education for Self Reliance" to "Education and Training Policy"; to pick one policy and develop a discussion about how an issue was implemented in the educational system and in the larger system; and briefly to argue for the political and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Education, Data Analysis, Developing Nations, Educational Policy, Foreign...
In the 1960s, German industry experienced a greater need for labor. Recruitment agreements for "guestworkers" were concluded with a number of Mediterranean countries, with the opinion at the time being that temporary immigration would be in the interests of all involved: German firms would get cheap labor, the "guestworkers" could earn money and return to their home countries with their savings, and the countries of origin would benefit from the remittances sent from abroad...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Developed Nations, Employment Opportunities, Employment Patterns, Foreign...
There is an increasing tendency on the part of international development players to redefine their relationships as "partnerships." This paper explores the concept of development partnerships, particularly those formed for the benefit of children. A discussion of the differences in the context, form and substance of the discourses and settings in which partnership is used provides a framework for fixing a more precise meaning for the concept in the domain of development partnerships....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Community Development, Developing Nations, Economic Development,...
This paper reviews the key issues and methodologies involved in the replication of social programs, as they pertain to non-profit sector development in the United States and in international development. The related process of knowledge transfer and dissemination, as well as the more specific strategies involved in replication and going-to-scale are examined. Strategies discussed include the franchise approach, mandated replication, staged replication, concept replication, and spontaneous...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Children, Community Development, Developing Nations, Economic Development, Foreign...
This final report describes activities and accomplishments of a federally supported 3-year project at Haverford and Bryn Mawr Colleges (Pennsylvania) to develop three interdisciplinary "conference courses" in international affairs. The courses were offered in the political science department and were titled "North-South Cooperation for Third World Development"; "Human Rights in International Affairs"; and "Issues in the Inter-American Dialogue." The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Civil Liberties, College Curriculum, College Instruction, Cooperative Learning,...
This book provides a compilation of addresses and panel presentations from the 1995 International Symposium of Japan-America Societies. Twenty-nine eminent speakers and presenters, authorities on topics ranging from economics to education, shared dialogue with delegates who gathered for the first-ever meeting of members of Japan-America Societies from both sides of the Pacific. The introductory materials and overview contain the observations of the editor, compiled from notes taken during the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian Studies, Developed Nations, Diplomatic History, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
This document, a handbook for teaching peace education, is for use as part of a carefully planned strategy to achieve both the substantive and normative goals of peace education. Objectives include knowledge of the causes of violence and injustice and the possibilities of transcending them and attitudes favoring the behavioral and structural changes such transcendence will require. The handbook provides a counterbalance to most mainstream curricula that assume the inevitability of most...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Controversial Issues (Course Content), Developing Nations,...
This book discusses foreign policy issues and provides background information on current topics. This edition examines the following major issues: (1) "Conflict in Former Yugoslavia: Quest for Solutions" (Susan L. Woodward); (2) "South Africa: Forging a Democratic Union" (Jean Herskovits); (3) "Environmental Crisis in Former Soviet Bloc: Whose Problem? Who Pays?" (William Sweet); (4) "Trade with the Pacific Rim: Pressure or Cooperation?" (Jinny St. Goar);...
Topics: ERIC Archive, African History, Developing Nations, Environment, Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy,...
This briefing book provides background information on current foreign policy issues. This edition discusses the following major issues: (1) "U.S. in a New World: What Goals? What Priorities?"; (2) "United Nations: What Role in the New World?"; (3) "Germany's Role: In Europe? In the Atlantic Alliance?"; (4) "China: New Reforms, Old Politics?"; (5) "Trade and the Global Economy: Projecting U.S. Interests"; (6) "Russia and the Central Asian...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian History, Developing Nations, Diplomatic History, Economics, Foreign Countries,...
Understanding Politics, 10 edition by Thomas M. Magstadt
Topics: political, united, war, international, democracy, chapter, military, politics, soviet, economic,...
Foreign study has been growing worldwide since the end of World War II. There is a significant flow of students from less developed countries to more developed ones. This paper presents findings of a study that assessed two theories of development, modernization theory and dependency theory, and applied these theories to identify the impact of foreign study on national development. Modernization theorists assert the positive effects of foreign study and dependency theorists argue that foreign...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Colonialism, Developing Nations, Economic Development, Economic Impact, Foreign...
This guide is to help students become more aware of the wide variety of United Nations' (UN) activities taking place in the world; to give students an interest in the affairs of the UN; and to lay the foundations for continuing interest in the UN. In this activity students read articles of recent world events in which the UN has been involved, then follow up with discussion and writing activities. A reference list of UN organizations and conferences for further activities is included. Students...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict, Developed Nations, Developing Nations, Elementary Secondary Education,...
This seventh annual report of the Peace Corps states that the two greatest achievements of 1968 are intangible. First, the Peace Corps achieved a new measure of cooperation with the people in its host countries. In the summer of 1968 for the first time, hosts helped to recruit volunteers in the United States and became members of overseas staffs. Second, as volunteers came home, hundreds answered the call of large cities seeking high-quality teachers for low-quality schools. Also during 1968,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annual Reports, Cross Cultural Training, Developing Nations, Field Experience...
The document resulted from a 1965 conference at Ditchley Park, England, which convened to discuss the principles and policies of educational aid, especially in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. The conference was based on the idea that the relationship of Britain and the United States with developing countries is becoming increasingly important in education since developing countries must look, in part, to external aid in terms of money, teachers, overseas training places, textbooks and other...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conference Reports, Cooperative Planning, Curriculum, Developing Nations, Educational...
The U.S. Government has recognized that literacy, education, and the availability of books are essential for the development of a nation's human and institutional resources. This policy stresses the importance of encouraging book publishing capability in developing countries, and this pamphlet is designed to stimulate the interest of both Americans and leaders in the developing countries by indicating how publishing can be strengthened. The pamphlet specifically guides: (1) officers of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Books, Developing Nations, Federal Government, Financial Support, Foreign Policy,...
Exploring the dilemma and responsibilities of power, this social studies unit begins with an article by a Chinese Communist who attacks America as aggressively imperialistic and ends with an article by an Englishman who lauds American imperialism. Sections of the unit discuss (1) the nature of imperialism, (2) the substance of European imperialism, as well as the political pressures and ideologies, at the end of the 19th century, (3) the imperialistic course taken in the early 20th century by...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Colonialism, Curriculum Guides, Developing Nations, Economic Factors, European...
Contents: Honorable Eugene V. McAuliffe US-USSR Competition and Evolving Balances of Power; The US-USSR Strategic Equation -- Strategic and major substrategic forces; The Third World and US-Soviet Relationships; The People's Republic of China and the US-Soviet Relationships; Economic Interdependence and the US-Soviet Relationships; and International Technology Transfers.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Stovall,Don O, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON D C, *NATIONAL SECURITY,...
A series of computer studies done on a ten year collection of international event reports (WEIS type, 78,956 records) traces nine high tension episodes of world affairs in the period 1966-75. Early warning indications are pointed out, the duration and scope of the episodes are charted, and conclusions are drawn on the directions of overall international activity in the period. Some practical applications and some improvements of techniques are suggested.
Topics: DTIC Archive, McClelland, Charles A, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF...
The changing definition of international crisis is noted and related to the three major series of crises in the twentieth century. The rapid adaptation and institutionalization of American foreign and defense policy machinery to fit the crisis conditions of the Cold War era are traced in order to indicate the nature of the dislocation that began to occur in a 'transition period' after 1964. The need to restructure and reinstitutionalize concepts and practices in the American foreign affairs...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McClelland, Charles A, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF...
Contents: Beyond the Open Door -- U.S. Policy and Access to Global Resources (Rept. no. HI-2148-DP); Averting Economic Warfare in Raw Materials -- U.S. Agriculture as a Blue Chip; Changing American Foreign Policy in the Middle East -- An Analysis (Rept. no. HI-2195/2-P); Iraq as a Soviet Proxy on the Persian Gulf in the Next Decade (Rept. no. HI-2168-P); and Energy in the Third World (Rept. no. HI-2094-P).
Topics: DTIC Archive, Arad, Uzi B, Smernoff, Barry J, HUDSON INST CROTON-ON-HUDSON NY, *INTERNATIONAL...
The thesis analyzes the impact of the October 1973 Middle East War on super-power Middle East policy. The analysis is conducted within the context of the overall Middle East crisis, both before and after the 1973 War. Consideration is given to the historical roles of the US and USSR in the Middle East to highlight the changes in those roles as a result of the War. New patterns of super-power involvement in the area are described and the potential effects of these patterns on future Middle East...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rypka, Allan E, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *MIDDLE EAST, *POLITICAL...
The simulation game "Conflict", stressing decision making in foreign policy, has several specific objectives which are: 1) to demonstrate the complexity of decision making in foreign policy; 2) to raise questions on foreign relations; 3) to make students aware of problems in world affairs; 4) to help students understand relationships that exist between nations; and, 5) to gain insight into the difficulty of putting theory into actual practice. Conflict in the Middle East is a brief...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Activities, Conflict, Developing Nations, Educational Games, Foreign Policy,...
A comprehensive, social scientific framework for analyzing foreign policy behavior has been constructed and refined. Interrelationships between certain factors (variables) have been indicated within the contexts of international source and decision-making behavior and, moreover, within the contexts of different situations and nations. Each factor is being transformed into an actual variable. Data are assembled for the five major sets of factors which are important for both source analysis and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hopple, Gerald W, Wilkenfeld, Jonathan, Andriole, Stephen J, MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE...
Guidelines for generating forecasts and simulations are also presented in this Technical Appendix to enable Department of Defense personnel to become better acquainted with the approaches to generating meaningful, interesting, alternative futures for comparing the strategic implications of contrasting developments. Finally, the Appendix contains several annexes that identify the nations used in the study, the years and sources of all data, the model parameters, the computer forecasting program...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Weil, Herman M, McIlroy, John J, CACI INC-FEDERAL ARLINGTON VA, *COMPUTER...
The primary goal of the current project is to enhance long-range forecasting capability in the defense community by developing and introducing new methodologies that add a simulation capability. A second, but no less important, purpose is to provide the defense community with high quality forecasting models for the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa in support of the JLRSS. In this connection, JCS/J-5 has operational current models for the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa that can be...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Weil, Herman M, McIlroy, John J, CACI INC-FEDERAL ARLINGTON VA, *COMPUTER...
This report describes the development of long-range forecasting models for the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. Volume 1, the Executive Summary, summarizes the work on all tasks in non-technical language. Volume II, Research Findings, describes the long-range forecasts and simulations and their implications for strategic policy and planning. Volume III, the Technical Appendix, describes in detail all phases of the study. These include the identification of key concepts and their...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Weil, Herman M, McIlroy, John J, CACI INC-FEDERAL ARLINGTON VA, *COMPUTER...
The objective of the International Behavior Analysis (IBA) Project is to construct and Implement an analytical framework capable of providing insight into the actions and interactions of certain states in certain situations. The Project's emphasis is thus comparative and in this connection will construct and implement a typology of nations and a typology of international events.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Wilkenfeld, Jonathan, Andriole, Stephen J, MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK DEPT OF...
The report develops and demonstrates various means of using quantitative indicator technology in analyzing and predicting future international trends. Three generic types of indicators were created to enhance the analysts abilities to estimate future international interaction trends: international, internal, and economic. Issue content, intensity of participation, behavioral tone, and other types of indicators were used. Two innovative methodologies were devised to help the policy analyst:...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Spector, Bertram I, Brownell, Jr , James R, Hayes, Margaret Daly, Keynon, Gary A,...
The report presents operational definitions for selected international military commitment indicators. It also describes the empirical components of a procedure for measuring international commitments and identifies sources of commitment data and lists the national actors and targets for which commitment data are being collected.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Martin, Wayne R, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL...
The original purposes of this research were to determine peacekeeping operations' nature and characteristics and to review and evaluate the ABCA concept and US Army doctrine. During the literature review, doctrine was evaluated as inadequate resulting in a new purpose to enhance doctrinal development. The case study method, with a structural-functional approach incorporating comparative analysis, was employed to examine three UN operations: UNEF 1 (Egypt), Cyprus, UNEF 2. The UNEF 2 was judged...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Raymond, III, Charles W, ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLLEGE FORT LEAVENWORTH KS,...
The study reflects observations made during a nine-day trip to Europe in June 1975. It involved attendance at a conference on contemporary elite attitudes toward the Atlantic Alliance and conversations with knowledgeable Americans and Europeans in London, Bonn, Brussels, and SHAPE. The major concern is the presumed impact of events in Southeast Asia on the US world position, detente, the American national poise, Middle East affairs, US interests and policies in Europe, confidence in the United...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Deutsch, Harold C, ARMY WAR COLLEGE CARLISLE BARRACKS PA STRATEGIC STUDIES INSTITUTE,...
This is the sixth quarterly report of the Project. A taxonomic analysis of nations was completed and related to the degree of internal instability within various nations. It was found that ethnic and racial diversity within nations and the presence of liberal democratic systems facilitates internal conflict. A second study investigated the relationship between transactions and conflict, and person-to-person contacts, transactions, trade, and so on between nations appeared to be unrelated to the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rummel, R J, HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU DEPT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, *CONFLICT,...
The report reviews the 'Country Threat File Codebook' (Technical Report No. 20) which describes the variables and data used for monitoring the situational threat context of each nation. The 'International Military Commitment: A Conceptual Definition' (Technical Report No. 22) discusses the association between international threat situations and commitment linkages.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hill, Gary A, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL...
A turbulent international system is likely to spawn, with increasing frequency, international crises. But the very causes of the system's turbulence render forecasting--which actors are most likely to be involved over what issues and under what circumstances--virtually an impossible task. There is, however, some theoretical justification to expect that while forecasting who, what, where and when may be extremely difficult to predict, it is possible to forecast the likelihood that a given...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Beal, Richard Smith, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF...
An international crisis, however defined or conceptualized, generates serious stress with which decision makers must cope. Distinguished from other international phenomena by its high levels of threat and surprise, and relatively short decision time, a crisis is the perfect setting for mishap, miscalculation, accidental war, unanticipated consequences and disaster. (C. Hermann, 1972:13-14). All of the ingredients necessary for bridging the peace- war gap are embodied in a crisis. Crisis...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Beal, Richard S, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL...
This paper describes the development of a systematic and empirical procedure for keeping account of international activities which raise the likelihood that one nation will come to the defense of another. In particular the concern here is to provide a conceptual framework to help guide the development of an analytical technique for identifying, measuring, and monitoring international commitments, where the use of force is implied. The underlying assumption of this work is that while it is very...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Martin, Wayne R, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL...
The purpose of this report is to present the initial stages of developing a bibliography for African international relations. The programs used to construct and organize our bibliography are BIBLIO and BSCAN. The search code is a 70 character free format field which permits the user to code each bibliographic entry according to any scheme reflecting the research interests of the user. A list of the search codes is included.
Topics: DTIC Archive, McGowan, Patrick J, Shaw, Timothy M, Johnson, Thomas H, Flute, Robert, UNIVERSITY OF...
The Country Threat File is a concise computerized data file designed to monitor each nation's domestic and international situation. The purpose of monitoring is to provide significant contextual information on a state's recent events and policy focus, major problems and active threats, and ongoing changes that may lead to major policy shifts and other such considerations for the international system. This type of data file is very informative and time- saving for analysts. For at their terminal...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glaser, Trysha T, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL...
Instructions for the identification and abstraction of event interactions; Instructions for the coding of event interactions; Sample code sheet.
Topics: DTIC Archive, McGowan, Patrick J, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF...
Since the establishment of the pioneer USIS library in Mexico City in 1942, the nature of The United States Information Service (USIS) libraries has been subject to political disputes. The question of whether or not they should function as propaganda arms or information centers still remains a polemical issue. The USIA became an independent agency of the executive branch of government in 1953. Since then, the number of U.S. Information centers has grown to its present level of 133. Each Center...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bibliographies, Budgeting, Developing Nations, Foreign Policy, History, Information...
This is the third of seven resource units for a twelfth grade course on value conflicts and policy decisions. The topic for this unit is the underdeveloped countries. The objectives are listed as to generalizations, skills, and values. The double-page format relates objectives to pertinent content, teaching procedures, and instructional materials. This unit focuses on the problems of underdeveloped countries around the world in order to understand the relationship of these problems to foreign...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anthropology, Course Content, Developing Nations, Economic Development, Economics...
The international exchange of technical information is discussed in relation to U.S. information policy since World War II. Facets of military needs and policies and the involvement of interested agencies (Department of State, Library of Congress, National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Atomic Energy Commission, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, etc.) are described. The freedom of information concept is covered, as are the evolution of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Developing Nations, Federal Programs, Foreign Policy, Information Dissemination,...
The book contains eight lectures on technological progress and social change in Europe. The lecture titles are: Social and Economic Aspects on European Technological Progress; Migration Between Poor and Rich Countries in Europe: The Exceptional Case of Finland; The Scandinavian Countries Faced with the Third World's Problems; Policy Measures to Level Economic and Social Regional Differences in the Scandinavian Countries; The European Family Farms in a Technologically Changing World; The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agriculture, Change Agents, Developing Nations, Economic Change, Educational...
This report is based on a visit of the World Affairs Delegation to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in October 1975. The delegation was composed of 18 executives from U.S. organizations whose purpose was to develop an American understanding of world affairs. Observations are reported which are pertinent as evidence of the value of such exchanges and for suggesting how China might relate to world affairs in the near future. Specifically examined are Chinese foreign views encountered during...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Chinese Culture, Developing Nations, Exchange Programs, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
The booklet, designed to explore the issues of international justice in the context of the Gospel, reviews relations between the United States and Panama. It includes background materials and a study guide for parish leaders and other educators. The central question pertaining to the Panama Canal concerns the rights of the United States according to the 1903 treaty. This treaty states that the United States can exercise "in perpetuity" power and authority over the ten-mile strip of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Catholics, Christianity, Church Responsibility, Conferences,...
Proceedings are presented of a 1977 conference about aspects of international trade negotiations of importance to developing countries. Participants included staff from Washington-based international organizations, various United States departments, Congressional staff, and students of the Foreign Service Institute. Transcripts of three addresses are presented, including comments by two respondents for each paper. The first paper considers special and differential (S&D) treatment measures...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Strategies, Conference Reports, Conflict Resolution, Developed Nations,...