Foreign Agricultural Economic Report
1
1.0
Jul 14, 2016
07/16
Jul 14, 2016
by
Missiaen, Edmond; Ruff, Samuel R; United States. Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service
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Topics: Agricultural productivity Brazil Sa?o Paulo (State) Case studies, Agriculture Economic aspects...
Foreign Agricultural Economic Report
3
3.0
Jul 14, 2016
07/16
Jul 14, 2016
by
Christensen, Raymond P. (Raymond Peter), 1914-; United States. Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service. Foreign Development and Trade Division
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Cover title
Topic: Agriculture Economic aspects Developing countries Case studies
This report provides a review of the history of marine gas turbines (MGTs) as propulsors for the Royal Navy, and some of the technological extensions that now appear to be especially promising. Beginning with the Gatric engine in 1943, successive engines are described which, in 1967, provided the confidence necessary for the UK to opt for total MGT propulsion in future naval surface craft. The developments from 1967 onward are briefly summarized, and the current state-of-the-technology is...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Nunn, Robert H, OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM), *GAS TURBINES,...
Hospitalization rates for alcoholism were determined for Navy and Marine Corps male enlisted personnel during the period Fiscal Year 1966-Fiscal Year 1969. Overall rates were 74 and 44 per 100,000 for the Navy and Marine Corps, respectively. These rates were high compared with male civilian populations of the same age range: the high incidence may be secondary to such factors as separation from families, a social milieu that encourages drinking and close surveillance by superiors and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gunderson,E K Eric, Schuckit,Marc A, NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CALIF,...
Mathematics is like a language, although technically it is not a natural or informal human language, but a formal, that is, artificially constructed language. Importantly, educators use their natural everyday language to teach the formal language of mathematics. At times, however, instructors encounter problems when the technical words they use, as formal parts of mathematics, conflict with an everyday understanding or use of the same word, or related words. This article discusses this problem,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Symbols (Mathematics), Artificial Languages, Vocabulary, Mathematics, Mathematics...
The core purpose of this paper is to draw together research issues and concrete problems with the use of multimedia technology at the graduate level in higher music education by examining one university's responses to the challenges posed by the use of multimedia technology as a teaching and learning aid for music education. Between June and July 2006, this study conducted a simple questionnaire and interview survey of 16 postgraduate students. The results suggest that music students are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Student Attitudes, Learning Motivation, Educational Technology,...
This case study explored asynchronous online discussions, assessment processes, and the meaning students derived from their experiences in five online graduate courses at the Colleges of Education of two Midwestern higher education institutions. The findings suggest that asynchronous online discussions facilitate a multidimensional process of assessment demonstrated in the aspects of structure, self-regulatory activities, learner autonomy, learning community and student writing skills. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Writing Skills, Personal Autonomy, Schools of Education, Online Courses, Distance...
This empirical research study addresses the issues of new teacher development and the role of the institutional context on new teachers' instructional technology use. The study examines two first year teachers, their development during their initial year of classroom experience, and how the institutional context they entered affected their instructional decisions about technology use with students. Results underscore the challenges many beginning teachers face and how those challenges affect...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Beginning Teachers, Elementary School Teachers, Technology Uses in Education, Context...
This case study investigated the job responsibilities of district-level instructional technology specialists that related to curriculum work and the perceptions the specialists had concerning their job responsibilities and their relationship to curriculum work. Data were collected through document analysis, shadowing, interviews, and a focus group. A framework of curriculum themes and categories was created, which was then used to define instructional technology work. Instructional technology...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Focus Groups, Educational Technology, Specialists, Case Studies, School Districts,...
Six secondary students with mild mental impairment took part in a multiple case study exploratory research project, involving full day observations, document reviews, and interviews to examine their classroom interactions. Data collection focused on the students' interactions with peers and adults in general education and special education settings. The data and discussion raises questions regarding inclusive education. The majority of students had more overall interactions with peers in their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, General Education, Special Education, Inclusive Schools, Student Placement, Secondary...
This study examined the development of a mathematics teacher's proficiency in managing whole-class discussion in the context of an inquiry-based classroom. We analysed three lessons taught with the same class by a teacher-researcher. The first and second lessons were 10 months apart, the second and third lessons were 6 months apart. For each of the three lessons the analysis was carried out at two levels: macro-level analysis was applied to the general organisation of the inquiry-based lesson...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mathematics Teachers, Discussion, Urban Areas, Case Studies, Inquiry, Teaching...
Case study learning was integrated into a course designed to improve students' potential for academic success and increase student retention. Case studies related to self-regulation of behavior, motivation, and cognition for academic tasks were used to prompt students' critical thinking and facilitate deep learning of self-regulation topics, linking course theory with practice. This article explores the effectiveness of asynchronous computer-mediated collaborative case study learning as...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Holding Power, Undergraduate Students, Case Studies, Thinking Skills, Critical...
In this observational case study, a 13-year old boy, Carlo, who was born completely blind, was invited to explore and identify, a set of raised-line pictures without receiving feedback about the accuracy of his identification. He was then asked to explain, verbally or by drawing, why he believed that the names he suggested accurately identified the depicted objects. The study found that Carlo identified 62% of the target pictures. Most of his verbalizations contained descriptions of salient...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Identification, Blindness, Assistive Technology, Visual Aids, Case Studies, Males,...
Effective exploration of spatially referenced educational achievement data can help educational researchers and policy analysts accelerate interpretation of datasets to gain valuable insights. This paper illustrates the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze educational achievement gaps in Arkansas. It introduces the Geographic Academic Policy Series (GAPS) and presents one example of GAPS as a case study using GIS in the education policy analysis. The Geographic Academic Policy...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Program Effectiveness, Maps, Policy Analysis, Information Systems, Academic...
In 2002-03, a qualitative case study explored the perspectives of 70 stakeholders connected to two community-based adult literacy programs in Manitoba, Canada. Four themes emerged from within-case and cross-case analyses of the data: program design, human relations, community context, and financial support. Instructor-learner and learner-learner relationships were essential to the theme of human relations. Research participants noted the powerful impact that these relationships had on the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Program Design, Financial Support, Classroom Environment, Human...
Standards are a reality in all academic disciplines, and they can be hard to measure using conventional methods. Technology skills in particular are hard to assess using multiple-choice, paper-based tests. A new generation of online assessments of student technology skills allows students to prove proficiency by completing tasks in their natural environment, are self-correcting so they save teacher time, and quickly and easily report scores. This article discusses five online technology...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computers, Educational Technology, Case Studies, Federal Legislation, Pretests...
The topic of perfectionism is bound to surface when discussing the social and emotional development of gifted children and adolescents. The author has observed gifted and talented fourth graders who have exhibited perfectionism in a myriad of unhealthy ways. She was able to document and categorize the manifestations of perfectionism. In this article, she presents case studies that represent the different types of unhealthy manifestations of perfectionism in these children. The case studies are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academically Gifted, Grade 4, Case Studies, Emotional Development, Psychological...
Research has shown that extensive reading offers a wide range of learning benefits to second language (L2) learners. However, most studies on L2 extensive reading are conducted collectively on groups of learners and do not provide a detailed picture of individual experience. Moreover, there are few studies conducted on the reading experiences of early L2 learners. This paper presents a longitudinal case study on the reading strategies and motivation of 2 Japanese middle school students...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Reading Motivation, Reading Instruction, Longitudinal Studies, Case Studies, Middle...
Treatment and diagnosis for the pediatric form of bipolar disorder presents a clinical challenge given the differences from its adult counterpart and the various comorbid forms that complicate presentation and developmental course. This article discusses manifestations of early onset bipolar disorder and offers a method for implementing art therapy interventions based on a study of 184 sessions with 16 children over the course of 2-1/2 years. Four case vignettes are presented, representative of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Art Therapy, Mental Disorders, Depression (Psychology), Child Health,...
This article describes the clinical practice of two male art therapists and their work with male adolescent sex offenders in a residential treatment facility. The authors share experiences of working with clients who, in addition to being offenders, were diagnosed with a mental illness and were themselves victims of sexual abuse. The function of male art therapists, particularly in relation to male clients, is explored through case material. Finally, the value of the mentoring relationship...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Sexual Abuse, Mental Disorders, Mentors, Art Therapy, Males, Adolescents, Residential...
Role Development is a theory-based, individualized intervention developed for health care practitioners, including art therapists, to assist individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia to learn roles and their underlying task and interpersonal skills. The role of artist is particularly suited to this intervention. This paper describes the role development model and methods for implementation, two evidenced-based research studies examining the effectiveness of Role Development, and the application...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Schizophrenia, Artists, Art Therapy, Clinical Diagnosis, Role, Case...
In this art therapy adaptation of the squiggle technique, the client draws eight colored squiggles on a paper folded into eight frames and then develops them into images utilizing a full range of color. The client is encouraged to write titles on each frame and use them to compose a story. This technique often stimulates emergence of meaningful graphic and verbal content in the first session. Significant psychological and perceptual aspects of the process are discussed, including the client's...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Art Therapy, Art Activities, Counseling Techniques, Imagery, Psychological Patterns,...
This paper illustrates the use of the MARI[R] Card Test, a transpersonal assessment tool which includes archetypal designs and color choices, as well as the drawing of a white and black mandala, or circle picture, for assessing the compatibility of two people in a committed relationship. In an informal pilot research study, 22 couples were given this assessment and interpreted according to seven comparison categories that might affect their relationship and compatibility. Unresolved prenatal...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Therapy, Sexuality, Interpersonal Relationship, Evaluation Methods, Interpersonal...
The aim of this article is to identify and define the diagnostic and therapeutic qualities of clay-work in contemporary conceptualization (attachment theory, object relations, and psychoanalytic theory). Three central features of clay-work are highlighted: (1) procedural expression through touch, movement, and the three-dimensional aspect; (2) the reflection of construction and deconstruction processes; and (3) the regression process. The authors differentiate six therapeutic factors that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Verbal Communication, Psychotherapy, Art Therapy, Counseling Techniques, Case...
Although some consider the 12-step method of Alcoholics Anonymous to be the treatment of choice for people struggling with substance abuse, differing approaches have been developed within the area of addictions. Motivational interviewing (Miller & Rollnick, 2002), enacted within a stages-of change model (DiClemente & Velasquez, 2002), seeks to explore ambivalence and promote self-efficacy throughout the initial stages of substance abuse treatment rather than confront denial or highlight...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Self Efficacy, Art Therapy, Substance Abuse, Counseling Techniques, Case Studies,...
The primary purpose of this exploratory study is to identify variations in the ways in which individual teachers in different educational contexts interpret their curriculum and plan their lessons and in particular to explore the possibility that cultural differences as identified by Hofstede (1991) may be a contributing factor to understanding how teachers understand their work. "Educational reform" has become a catchphrase in the Anglo-American world, including the United States,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Geography, Cultural Differences, Cultural Traits, Curriculum...
In this paper, the authors depict performance ethnography as having multiple ethical dimensions and multiple implications for the relationships between the evaluator and program participants. They have found performance ethnography to be essentially an intimate form of representation that has tremendous implications for the ownership of qualitative data, particularly data associated with program evaluation. They also address implications for qualitative researchers who wish to use performance...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Program Effectiveness, Evaluation Research, Qualitative Research, Ethnography,...
This study investigates a basic writing course within a freshman learning Community at Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW). Multiple layers of data, both qualitative and quantitative, provide a thick description of what occurred overall in that classroom over the course of one semester. My findings suggest that basic writing classes are more successful within a learning community in terms of student pass rates and increased engagement. Thus, further study of basic writing...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Basic Writing, College Freshmen, Developmental Studies Programs, School Holding...
The effects of recent moves toward national testing regimes are being felt at the classroom level, where teachers feel compelled to "teach to the tests." Thus, they are now accountable in two ways: to students (and their understandings) and to the public and to the school boards (for improving overall student test scores). It is important to understand how teachers assess their students in response to these pressures. In this article, the authors report on findings from a year-long...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Educational Practices, Case Studies, Student Evaluation, Teacher...
This research, conducted with an introductory sociology class at the University of British Columbia during the 2001-2002 academic year, explored community service-learning as a pedagogy and philosophy. The theoretical focus of this paper is Nancy Fraser's (1997) criticisms of Jurgen Habermas' (1992) bourgeois liberal model of the public sphere. We analyzed the class experiences with community service that emerged from students' contributions to a database of community organizations, concept...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Course Evaluation, Sociology, Concept Mapping, Community...
This study explored changes in student attitudes toward school life following the 1992 Newfoundland groundfishery closure. Using data extracted from a provincial quality of school life (QSL) survey, means associated with students from a sample of fishing communities were compared with provincial means. Although community students had poorer perceptions of school life both before and during the fishery closure, more positive attitudes were evident after the closure, suggesting that parental job...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Student Attitudes, Surveys, Animal Husbandry, Case Studies,...
Using a reflective case-study methodology, I conducted an innovative method in my inclusive/special education course, informed by the Communities of Practice literature and interprofessional collaboration. The student participants, in groups, accomplished an assignment designed to support a learner with a disability/exceptionality by including in their plans relevant professionals and community stakeholders. Data consisted of tape-recorded focus group interviews and group planning meetings, as...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Education Courses, Cooperation, Special Education, Focus Groups, Interprofessional...
This article revisits a phenomenological case study in which I used metaphor to explore, over a seven-year span, the blossoming and wilting of an early childhood teacher's career due to the complex interplay between a range of personal, relational and contextual influences (Sumsion 2002). Following Kamler (2001), I now bring a critical lens to my rereading of Sarah's metaphors as cultural texts that reflect the cultural storylines, positionings and practices that Sarah perceived were available...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teacher Education, Teacher Persistence, Figurative Language, Faculty...
In this paper I am concerned with the challenge workplace learners and educators face, as they engage with global economies, to create "a world in common as . . . known in common" (Smith 1999). I focus first on why global companies need their geographically dispersed workers to engage with a world "in common", and how they go about constructing such a world. I pay particular attention to the role of written texts in connecting individual local sites with global discourses of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Workplace Literacy, Industrial Psychology, Industrial Education, Knowledge...
The notion of quality in undergraduate mathematics lectures is examined by using theoretical notions and research results from the literature and empirical data from a case study on lecturing on limits of functions. A systemic triangular model is found to catch critical quality aspects of a mathematics lecture, consisting of mathematical exposition, teacher immediacy, and general quality criteria for mathematics teaching. Mathematical exposition involves the dynamic interplay of mathematical...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mathematics Instruction, Educational Quality, Lecture Method, Undergraduate Students,...
Maximum academic achievement for gifted and talented students can only be accomplished when teachers are given the tools, support, and training needed to strengthen instructional skills and develop knowledge of the social and emotional needs of the students they serve. Providing meaningful professional development to develop or enhance these skills is a challenge for administrators responsible for the planning and implementation of training experiences for teachers of gifted students. As...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academically Gifted, Talent, Lifelong Learning, Staff Development, Professional...
In this article, we focus on the role and actions of individual school leaders in initiating and governing the process of reculturing. First, we elaborate on the core elements of the process of reculturing, referring to a complex learning process of finding a new balance between cognitions and emotions both individually and collectively. We then review the literature for issues related to school leaders' roles and actions during reculturing. We argue that the role of leadership power largely...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Role, Educational Innovation, Instructional Leadership, Teaching Methods,...
Schools employ educational technology to comply with pressures for greater accountability and efficiency in conducting operations. Specifically, schools use "management information systems" designed to automate data collection of student attendance, grades, test scores, and so on. These management information systems (MIS) employed widespread use of technology to enable effective and efficient school operations in order to promote school accountability. In this case study, the authors...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attendance, Management Information Systems, Educational Technology, Accountability,...
Chronic pain among children is poorly understood, and few studies portray the experiences of sufferers and their families. This qualitative case study aimed at gaining a rich description and a contextual understanding of the experiences of a young chronic pain sufferer, aged 6, and her family members through an art-making process. Several examples of the art images are presented along with excerpts from the exploratory conversations that captured the meanings that the child and family members...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Pain, Family Life, Coping, Chronic Illness, Young Children, Case Studies, Art...
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived effectiveness of leadership in a Missouri rural K-8 school with a high incidence of poverty that consistently met federal and state accountability mandates. The concepts of accountability as measured by student achievement, the unique educational needs of children from poverty, and the challenges of the rural school location were viewed through the lens of leadership. Ten practices of leadership that lead to consistent student achievement...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Case Studies, Rural Schools, Educational Needs, Mentors, Poverty, Academic...
The perspectives of three rural middle school principals as they implement Georgia's A Plus Education Reform Act of 2000 were investigated in this study. A case study approach was used, employing both within case and cross case analyses. Three interviews were conducted with each of the three participants, resulting in a total of nine interviews. Five perspectives emerged from the data: (1) Evaluation of teacher effectiveness can be indicated only by the results of standardized tests, (2)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Schedules, Middle Schools, Teacher Effectiveness, Supervision, Standardized...
This article focuses on the challenge of teacher retention in rural schools in relation to the No Child Left Behind mandate, that school districts must attract and retain highly qualified teachers. This case study examines the extent to which a rural school enhanced teacher retention by overcoming the barriers that might otherwise have presented a challenge to teacher retention. Findings from this study suggest that the nurturing the nurturers concept, inherent in teacher resiliency-building...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Rural Schools, Federal Legislation, Teacher Persistence, School Holding Power, Labor...
The requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) have presented special challenges and opportunities for rural schools (Reeves, 2003). Researchers have suggested that one way rural schools may be able to overcome these challenges is through an increase in the level of technology integration in their school (Collins & Dewees, 2001). This case study reports on one school's attempt to use grant resources funded through NCLB to integrate specific instructional technologies to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Rural Schools, School Culture, Federal Legislation, Technology Integration,...
Following two-failed school bond issues in 1995 and 1998, one mid-sized rural school district organized an effort that led to two successful school bond elections in 2001 and 2003. The school district's strategic plan mirrored many of the recommendations for successful bond referendums published in School Bond Success: A Strategy for Building America's Schools. Findings from this case study, utilizing a Rapid Assessment Process, illustrate many of the reasons why the school district passed two...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Strategic Planning, Rural Schools, Elections, Bond Issues, School Districts,...
Student teaching is a challenging period for preservice teachers as they make the transition from preparation to practice. Support from mentor teachers and university personnel can make this time easier, helping preservice teachers successfully integrate educational theory into their practice. Because of logistical, financial, and personnel limitations, many student teachers with rural placements receive inadequate support. The Technology Supported Induction Network (TSIN) was developed to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Teaching, Student Teachers, Rural Schools, Mentors, College School...
This case study was intended to explore the premise that the perceptions of the stakeholders regarding inclusion should enhance the implementation of the process in a K-12 rural setting. Therefore, rural high school students' and rural general education and special education teachers' perceptions of inclusion provided the primary focus of this case study. Data analysis identified that while overall general education teachers supported the idea of inclusion they did not believe that they were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Inclusive Schools, General Education, Special Education Teachers, High School...
This qualitative study examined the effects of a high-stakes, standardized test on teachers' instructional planning at a rural school. The research addressed this question: How do mandated curricular standards affect teachers' instructional planning and content selection? Ethnographic interviews (Creswell, 1998) examined four secondary teachers' perceptions of the effects of high-stakes standardized tests on their work. Case study methodology (Yin, 1994) guided the analysis of the data. Each...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Development, Rural Schools, State Legislation, Standardized Tests, High...
This case study details the events surrounding a gay student's "coming out" in a small, rural high school. Through the eyes and experiences of the student, his teachers, classmates, and community, we hear the story of how the school and community dealt with an issue they had never before actively considered. Through qualitative interviews, the former high school principal describes reactions and lessons learned as the student made his sexual orientation known, attended prom, and was...
Topics: ERIC Archive, High Schools, Sexual Orientation, Homosexuality, Principals, Case Studies, Rural...
While multicultural education remains a work in progress, many of the cornerstones are already in place. Racism, classism, sexism, equity, and social justice issues feature as generative themes (Freire, 1970), which underpin this educational project. One area of research in multicultural teacher education that this article investigates is the way in which White students have sought to make meaning of their own Whiteness in the midst of a plethora of claims regarding the pervasiveness and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teacher Education, Preservice Teachers, Multicultural Education, Cultural...
As a Native American with advanced college training in the field of education in northwest lower Michigan, the author has increasingly encountered denial on the part of educational professionals in the region as a response to statistics on race. During 2002, she spent nine months reviewing and renewing her statistical sources for use in nonfiction essays and presentations. Those statistics that she has been able to renew have been consistent with sources she used a decade ago, indicating very...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ethnic Groups, American Indians, Racial Integration, Case Studies, Etiology, Social...