This paper is set against the backdrop of an increasing number of strategies and policies developed by the Department for Education and Skills in the U.K. regarding the promotion of positive mental health in schools and the recognition of the value of improving mental health in relation to children's learning, achievement, attendance and behaviour. The aim of the paper is to present the results from a systematic review of the research evidence on counselling children and young people and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Recognition (Achievement), Therapy, Literature, Young Adults, Health Needs, Mental...
A path-following experiment, using a global positioning system, was conducted with participants who were legally blind. On- and off-course confirmations were delivered by either a vibrotactile or an audio stimulus. These simple binary cues were sufficient for guidance and point to the need to offer output options for guidance systems for people who are visually impaired. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cues, Experiments, Blindness, Auditory Stimuli, Visual Impairments, Computer System...
Health promotion interventions for adults who are visually impaired have received little attention. This article reports what is currently known about the health, overweight and obesity, and levels of physical activity reported by these adults. Conclusions about the need for health promotion activities based on this information are provided, and suggestions for implementing these activities or interventions are offered.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Physical Activities, Obesity, Health Promotion, Visual Impairments, Physical Activity...
Adolescents and young adults are likely to be sexually active and interested in sexual ethics. In order to tap into this interest and assist in their intellectual development, a sexual ethics continuum teaching strategy was developed during four semesters with six sections of two different college courses. A total of 52 behaviors of interest to students were identified and rated by students as ethically ideal, ethically allowed, or ethically forbidden. A combination of quantitative and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teaching Methods, Educational Strategies, Adolescents, Young Adults, College...
On the basis of the author's experience in coordinating a number of EU research projects aimed at improving the transition from school to vocational training for disadvantaged young people, the following paper focuses on problems in comparing support measures in Europe and on the practical relevance of comparative EU research. The first section sets out the dilemmas in this type of European comparative transition research and provides an overview of research to date. Welfare state and youth...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Young Adults, Foreign Countries, Guidance, Vocational Education, Comparative...
Art therapists have long held that art production causes reductions in stress and elevations in mood (Rubin, 1999). The authors examined this claim in a randomized, controlled trial. Fifty adults between the ages of 18 and 30 were randomly assigned to either create an art work or to view and sort a series of art prints. Three measures of overall negative mood and of anxiety were collected before and after each intervention. Two-way ANOVAs (Group by Time) demonstrated significantly greater...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anxiety, Art Products, Stress Management, Coping, Adults, Negative Attitudes,...
This qualitative study explored the verbal and art making responses of Japanese-American elders who experienced the trauma of internment during World War II. Six Nisei (second generation Japanese-Americans) were asked to recall memories of their experiences during and immediately following internment; 3 of the participants also created art images that enhanced memories and evoked emotion. From an in-depth review of the data, the authors identify seven prominent themes: (a) stressful living...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Institutionalized Persons, Memory, Personal Narratives, Justice, Values, Military...
This study explored the use of the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale (FEATS) with a population of persons with a DSM-IV diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder who were court ordered for treatment. Two groups of adults (N = 40) were closely matched on age, gender, race, socioeconomic status and education level, and were administered the Person Picking an Apple From a Tree (PPAT) art assessment. The drawings were scored using the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale (Gantt & Tabone, 1998)....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Measures (Individuals), Interrater Reliability, Group Membership, Art Therapy,...
The value of art therapy for older people with mental health problems is well documented although there is a paucity of research for people who are home bound. This study, based in England, involved five clients, all older people with mental health problems, receiving art therapy sessions at home. The clients and caregivers were then interviewed to ascertain their views. This study indicated that clients and caregivers do feel that art therapy can be of benefit in the home environment. These...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Family Environment, Caregivers, Mental Health, Health Needs, Art...
This paper explores various epistemological paradigms available to understand, interpret, and semiotically depict young people. These paradigms all draw upon a metadiscourse of developmental age and stage (e.g. Hall 1914) and then work from particular epistemological views of the world to cast young people in different lights. Using strategic essentialism (Spivak 1996), this paper offers four descriptions of existing paradigms, including biomedical (Erikson 1980), psychological (e.g. Piaget...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teacher Education, Young Adults, Adolescents, Epistemology, Developmental...
The literary works surveyed here were written by authors who, as children, witnessed apartheid, holocaust, imprisonment, escape, genocide, ethnic cleansing, and other horrors that marked their lives. In each case, the selected texts are rendered as diaries or as first-person narratives describing disturbing situations which are resolved either through reading, writing or merely adjusting. In this article, the author discusses text interrogation as an instructional approach for instructors to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Death, Violence, War, Global Approach, Young Adults, Diaries, Childrens Literature,...
Heart disease is the leading cause of illness, disability, and death among women in Canada. Myocardial infarction (MI) accounts for almost half of these deaths yearly. The purpose of this study was to understand younger women's experience of recovery from MI. A purposive sample consisting of six younger women diagnosed with MI participated in an eight-week guided autobiographical (GA) group intervention where they engaged in weekly reflection, writing, and group dialogue. The experience of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Intervention, Heart Disorders, Females, Young Adults, Emotional...
In South Africa where there is a very high HIV infection rate among teenagers and young adults, it is surprising to find that students and teachers are very unwilling to talk about the possibility of being or becoming HIV positive. While AIDS messages dominate public discourse, there is a silence in schools about the personal in relation to AIDS. This article seeks to explain the reluctance of learners to test, talk about and disclose their HIV status, by examining silence within a broader...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disease Control, Fuels, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Young Adults, Foreign...
This article argues that education has a role in promoting young people's wellbeing. It draws on research on young people's lives to highlight the changing world for which educators prepare young people. While older educational agendas such as literacies and numeracy remain significant, it is argued that education is increasingly important for its role in assisting young people to develop the capacities and skills that will enable them to live well and that will enhance social cohesion....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Young Adults, Role of Education, Well Being, Education Work Relationship,...
The purpose of this study was to understand more about the impact of living in a rural area on personal learning with older adults. This is important to consider because of the higher concentration of older adults in rural areas. This qualitative research was based on twenty interviews with older adults. All of the participants lived in the same rural county in south Georgia (USA). One of the results from this research was the positive description of living in a rural area. Despite literature...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Qualitative Research, Lifelong Learning, Older Adults, Rural Areas, Counties,...
Heritage languages (HL) are language spoken by the children of immigrants or by those who immigrated to a country when young. The purpose of this article is to briefly review what is known about heritage language development over time and to identify some gaps in people's knowledge. In this article, the authors consider three aspects: how much HL speakers use their HLs, how well they know them, and the attitudes they have toward their HLs, focusing here on older children, adolescents, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Immigrants, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Heritage Education,...
Consistent with results of previous needs assessments for urban American Indian and Alaska Native populations, a needs assessment in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area for the Native American Rehabilitation Association Northwest revealed high levels of co-occurring conditions for American Indian and Alaska Native clients, often combining chronic health problems, substance abuse histories, and mental health diagnoses. Focus group results suggest the need for crisis care as well as specific...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Substance Abuse, Needs Assessment, American Indians, Alaska Natives, Focus Groups,...
In this ever-changing economy, young adults must remain flexible and adaptable as they transition from school to work and plan their future life courses. It is difficult for today's youth to choose training programs which will guarantee them secure, long-term employment. As the future grows less predictable, greater uncertainty and risk are involved in each career decision. This study concerns young adults enrolled in vocational education and training programs. The study sought to investigate...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Technical Institutes, Focus Groups, Young Adults, Education Work Relationship,...
This study explored the nature and performance of masculinity portrayed in popular young adult novels featuring female protagonists. Although all had their limitations, the novels offered more complex renderings of gendered identity in the lives of female and male adolescent characters, addressed the effects of enforced traditional masculinity, and productively, if only momentarily, disrupted the connection between sex and gender in ways that allow for engagement with alternative notions of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescent Literature, Females, Young Adults, Sexual Identity, Novels, Masculinity,...
In this investigation, 3 adults who met criteria for marijuana dependence were treated using an abbreviated version of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The treatment was delivered in eight weekly 90-min individual sessions. The effects of the intervention were assessed using a nonconcurrent multiple baseline across participants design. Self-reported marijuana use, confirmed through oral swabs, reached zero levels for all participants at posttreatment. At a 3-month follow-up, 1...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Marijuana, Therapy, Depression (Psychology), Anxiety, Adults, Evaluation Criteria,...
An ABA'B design was used to evaluate the effects of choice on task engagement for 3 adults who had been diagnosed with traumatic brain injury. A yoked-control condition, in which tasks that were selected by each participant were assigned subsequently to that participant by a trainer, was implemented to help distinguish between the effects of task preference and choice. The results for all 3 participants indicated that permitting individuals to choose from a list of tasks increased on-task...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Neurological Impairments, Injuries, Brain, Time on Task, Adults, Participation,...
Research has not systematically assessed and validated preferences for staff in adults with developmental disabilities. Three adults with developmental disabilities (aged 32 to 43 years) identified preferred and nonpreferred staff using verbal and pictorial preference assessments. During break-point analyses with progressive-ratio schedules, all 3 had higher break points when working for positive social interaction with their preferred staff member than with their nonpreferred staff member....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Developmental Disabilities, Interpersonal Relationship, Interaction, Adults, Stimuli,...
The participation of older adults in computer learning environments is a recent phenomenon. Older adults of the twenty-first century have not grown up with information and communication technologies and are not likely to have used computers in their working lives. They may even feel alien in the world of technology. The purpose of this paper is to present a narrative description, and tentative analysis, of one person's learning journey in this world. The interpretative analysis is guided by the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Qualitative Research, Older Adults, Research Methodology, Computer Literacy,...
The Leventis Foundation (Nigeria) Agricultural Schools (LFNAS) are schools established to train youths to develop their state and their nation in the area of food production. This study sought to assess the trainability of enrollees in the three operating LFNAS. Five research questions were posed. The CIPP evaluation model was adopted. The population and sample for the study consisted of a total of 247 enrollees. Questionnaires, structured interviews and observational techniques were used to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Career Development, Economic Development, Developing Nations,...
Influencing government policy in adult learning areas requires consistent efforts in having findings noticed by educational policymakers. Submissions by Adult Learning Australia and researchers have called for unified educational policies and practices across Australia. This paper argues that, whilst it is important to address macro issues of policy formation, research into micro issues can also be valuable in assisting policy formation. Using information technology and communication teaching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Policy Formation, Adult Learning, Older Adults, Information Technology, Foreign...
This paper explains my choice of narrative inquiry as a methodological approach in my recently completed PhD study. My research investigated learning experiences of mature women learners in VET. Notions of learning as negotiated lived experience called for a methodological approach that privileged the learner's perspective and opened space in which alternative notions of learning might emerge. From interviews with twelve mature women, I explain how I use stories of learning to understand how...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Females, Ethics, Womens Education, Interviews, Vocational Education, Adults, Personal...
Researchers are only gradually becoming aware of the gravity of the risk that overweight and obesity pose for children's health. In this article Stephen Daniels documents the heavy toll that the obesity epidemic is taking on the health of the nation's children. He discusses both the immediate risks associated with childhood obesity and the longer-term risk that obese children and adolescents will become obese adults and suffer other health problems as a result. Daniels notes that many...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Obesity, Heart Disorders, Incidence, Hypertension, Public Health, Child Health, Human...
Marie Evans Schmidt and Elizabeth Vandewater review research on links between various types of electronic media and the cognitive skills of school-aged children and adolescents. One central finding of studies to date, they say, is that the content delivered by electronic media is far more influential than the media themselves. Most studies, they point out, find a small negative link between the total hours a child spends viewing TV and that child's academic achievement. But when researchers...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Video Games, Academic Achievement, Hyperactivity, Transfer of Training, Attention...
American youth are awash in media. They have television sets in their bedrooms, personal computers in their family rooms, and digital music players and cell phones in their backpacks. They spend more time with media than any single activity other than sleeping, with the average American eight- to eighteen-year-old reporting more than six hours of daily media use. The growing phenomenon of "media multitasking"--using several media concurrently--multiplies that figure to eight and a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, Music, Video Games, Young Adults, Adolescents,...
This study sought variables associated with current smoking for young adult males and females in college compared with those not in college. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by a cohort of 1,270 young adults (ages 20-24) who have been followed from grade 6 for 10 years. Both bivariate and multivariable analyses of demographic characteristics, family and friends smoking and other drug use, psychosocial factors and attitude, and lifestyle factors were conducted. In the bivariate...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Smoking, Drug Use, Young Adults, Depression (Psychology), College Students,...
The Internet is increasingly used as an outlet for sexual activity. This literature review explores key definitions, perceived benefits, risks, and consequences of engaging in cybersex, as well as its influence on youth and young adults. The accessibility, affordability, and anonymity of the Internet make it highly appealing to users. Increasing time spent online for sexual activity may lead to cybersex abuse and compulsive cybersex behavior. This poses a threat to relationships, work, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Substance Abuse, Marital Status, Health Education, Sexual Orientation, Young Adults,...
This study examined the prevalence of selected clinical preventive health services, health status indicators, health risk behaviors, and health-promoting behaviors among adults aged 18 to 24 years in the general U.S. population. The study analyzed data from the 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Nearly 30% of young adults lacked health care coverage. When 21- to 24-year-olds were compared with 18- to 20-year-olds, a 32% increase was noted in current cigarette smoking, a 37%...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Health Services, Obesity, Physical Activities, Health Promotion, Smoking, Health...
Background: Use of television, computers, and video games competes with physical activity and may be a health risk factor. Purpose: This study assessed the relationship between leisure-based screen time and physical activity in families to determine whether assignment to a limited screen time group results in more physical activity. Methods: Ninety-four families participated for six weeks. Families were randomly assigned to unlimited or limited screen time viewing groups. Participants wore a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Health Education, Physical Activities, Video Games, Physical Activity Level, Risk,...
Background: Health concerns of body piercing include infection, scarring, allergic reactions, pain, and disease. Current gaps in the research include students' perceived piercing risks and safe piercing practices. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine university students' involvement in body piercing, risk consideration and adherence to safe piercing practices. Methods: A sample of 536 university students completed a 44-item survey regarding body piercing. Results: Results indicated...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Health Education, Gender Differences, Safety, Communicable Diseases, Allergy,...
Background: Latinos experience disproportionate negative health status and health care access. Expanding understanding of factors impacting Latino immigrant health is imperative. Purpose: This study identified health-seeking behaviors among Latinas in a large Midwestern city with rapid immigrant population growth. Health-seeking behaviors like frequency of care, type of health care provider (HCP) sought, and reasons for seeking care were explored. Barriers to health care access and their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Health Services, Hispanic Americans, Females, Adults, Access to Health Care,...
Promoting physical activity among middle age and older adults to decrease the incidence of disease and premature death and to combat the health care costs associated with a sedentary lifestyle is more important now than ever. There is now a better understanding of what "successful aging" means and of what aspects of life have the greatest potential for increasing physical activity in later life. Leisure activities that are intrinsically motivated and satisfying, and theories like SOC...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Physical Activities, Health Care Costs, Adults, Older Adults, Obesity, Leisure Time,...
Most current self-determination research focuses on adults with developmental disabilities but neglects adults with physical disabilities who depend on caregivers for many or most aspects of daily living. This study investigated the perceptions of 12 adults with physical disabilities related to their self-reported abilities and opportunities to practice self-determination, the obstacles they encountered and strategies they used to attain self-determination, and suggestions they made for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Support Groups, Physical Disabilities, Developmental Disabilities, Self...
In this article, the author discusses how narratives, which are part of the common currency of the day, have dramatically changed over the years. Grand narratives, which grew exponentially in the mid-nineteenth century, have now been replaced by two different narratives: life narratives and small-scale narratives. He also discusses how small narratives have been expressed in emerging patterns of art, politics, and business; and describes an example of a research project that seeks to address...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Informal Education, Adult Education, Biographies, Personal Narratives, Adults,...
Although educational attainment and physical activity levels tend to be positively associated in majority populations, this relationship has not been investigated in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) elders. This study examined the association between education and physical activity among AI/AN elders (N = 107) using self-report and behavioral outcomes. Regression models showed that higher education was significantly associated with total caloric expenditure for moderate-intensity...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Physical Activities, Older Adults, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Program...
The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using email prompts to attenuate the decrease of physical activity in adults during a winter season. In addition, the secondary purposes were (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of email prompts at increasing motivation towards physical activity and (2) to evaluate the awareness of the email campaign. Extension agents from the state of North Dakota (N=81) participated in a physical activity behavioral intervention study....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computer Mediated Communication, Prompting, Adults, Program Effectiveness, Program...
A video game called "Re-Mission" has recently been investigated with adolescent and young adult cancer patients enrolled in a multi-site randomized controlled evaluation of the game as a psycho-educational intervention. The main focus of the trial was to determine effects of the game on self-care and other health-related outcomes. It was also considered valuable to evaluate participants' perceptions of the game as (1) acceptable as a treatment-related activity for young cancer...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Video Games, Cancer, Rating Scales, Young Adults, Patients,...
Although many countries offer school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programs, little is known about how teachers feel about being part of these programs. This paper presents the views of primary school teachers in Malawi regarding their potential role in HIV/AIDS prevention. Data come from two focus groups with 12 male and 12 female primary school teachers attending a teacher training college for certification. Teachers were deeply concerned about the impact of the epidemic on themselves, their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Role Models, Prevention, Focus Groups, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Young Adults,...
There is a growing gap between Maine high school graduates' "college intentions" and their actual college enrollment, according to a recent study by the Senator George J. Mitchell Scholarship Research Institute. A follow-up to a similar study the institute conducted five years ago, the new research is based on enrollment data from colleges and Maine public high schools, surveys of more than 3,000 Maine parents, students, young adults and educators and group interviews in 19 high...
Topics: ERIC Archive, High Schools, High School Graduates, Young Adults, Enrollment, College Bound...
In "Pushing Plastic," ("The New England Journal of Higher Education", Summer 2007), John Humphrey notes that many college administrators justify their credit card solicitations by suggesting that credit card access will help students learn to manage their own finances. Instead, credit card debt will teach thousands of students a lesson they will never forget. The "earnings premium" enjoyed by college graduates is well-documented: college graduates earn...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Economically Disadvantaged, College Graduates, Young Adults, Credit...
Young adult workers provide businesses with the dynamic labor force and fresh ideas they need to innovate and grow. With their contributions to cultural, intellectual and social life, young adults also make New England a vibrant and interesting place to live. Young families support local schools and demand a strong educational system. Yet New England is losing this young adult population. In this article, the author explains why they are disappearing. (Contains 2 figures.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Life, Young Adults, Labor Force, Intellectual Experience, Cultural Activities,...
Since Congress passed .08 blood alcohol concentration (BAC) as the national standard for impaired driving in October 2000, 28 U.S. States including Indiana have enacted .08 BAC law. This study investigated perceived impact of the .08 law among Indiana residents and their attitudinal and perceptional changes since the enforcement of the law. The focus of this study was to examine demographic differences in these changes. Using random-digit dialing that included unpublished numbers and new...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Level, National Standards, Drinking, Motor Vehicles, Laws, Biochemistry,...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate hand washing behaviors in public restrooms with and without reminder signs. Gender, race, signage, and time of day were examined to determine if there were differences in hand washing compliance based on these variables. Participants included male and female adults entering restrooms at two public shopping malls in a midwestern city. The total number of observations made was 599. Of those observed, full hand washing compliance (based on CDC guidelines)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Signs, Hygiene, Racial Differences, Gender Differences, Health Behavior, Adults,...
Legalized gambling is growing substantially and provides both a dilemma and an opportunity for those in the health promoting professions. Gambling represents a form of economic development and, for certain segments of society, improved health and quality of life. On the other hand, gambling is a known addiction, with a host of sociological problems associated with its practice. Consequently, a number of opportunities and responsibilities emerge for health educators. This paper provides both...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Economic Development, Health Education, Quality of Life, Self Destructive Behavior,...
The career and technical education (CTE) programs play critical roles in the growth of workforce readiness credentials. This article presents an ACTE issue brief that highlighting the need for workforce readiness credentials, and the role CTE plays in helping students acquire them. CTE is at the forefront of preparing students at all levels for the testing that leads to a workforce readiness credential, and perhaps more importantly, with the skills necessary for 21st century success. (Contains...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Credentials, Education Work Relationship, Vocational Education, Global Approach,...
In this article, the authors present their duo-ethnographic conversation on social justice activism which explores issues of identity, racism, and activism with young people. The authors initiated their writing of this article as a sporadic and candid e-mail conversation between colleagues over the course of five months from in 2006. Both of them strived to be conscious of the interplay between their own identities as people who have worked collaboratively in anti-racist activism with young...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Justice, Racial Bias, Young Adults, Ethnography, Activism, Electronic Mail,...