Indoor tanning continues to grow in popularity even though empirical investigations denounce the behavior. Various reports have illustrated the detrimental health effects of ultraviolet (UV) exposure including increased risk for skin cancer. According to some physicians, the risk may be especially high for adolescents whose skin cells are dividing and changing rapidly. Persistent use of tanning facilities has become especially apparent within adolescent female populations. The purpose of this...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Investigations, Risk, Cancer, Etiology, Adolescents, Females, Health Behavior,...
This study examined the risk for alcoholism, diabetes, and depression (triADD) in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations in the U.S. Using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a series of descriptive statistics and regression models were used to examine the interrelationships among these disorders in AI/AN populations. Despite a small sample size, results indicate that AI/ANs are at elevated risk for the individual and combined presence of triADD (OR = 12.5) when compared...
Topics: ERIC Archive, At Risk Persons, Alcoholism, Diabetes, Depression (Psychology), Alcohol Abuse, Alaska...
Of all Indian Health Service areas, the Aberdeen Area has consistently had the highest infant mortality rate. Among some tribes in this area the rate has exceeded 30/1000 live birth and half the infant deaths have been attributed to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, a rate four to five times higher than the national average. The Indian Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the Aberdeen Area Tribal Chairmen's Health...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indians, Prevention, Mortality Rate, Child Health, Infant Mortality,...
Results of a Canada-wide and a Quebec based study of students with a variety of disabilities in Canadian postsecondary education are presented. Study 1 involved 156 professionals. They represent 80% of the population of professionals who provide on-campus disability support services. Results indicate that (1) 8% of postsecondary institutions reported not having any students with disabilities, (2) overall, 2% of students are registered to receive disability related services from their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disabilities, College Students, Postsecondary Education, Distance Education,...
Survey data from 8,594 students in 55 randomly chosen colleges and universities finds that those having passed an AP science exam earn somewhat higher college science grades, but not enough to assume prior mastery. Moreover, half of this performance difference appears to be related to demographics and high school coursework and not to students' AP coursework. (Contains 4 figures, 4 tables and 26 footnotes.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, High School Students, Advanced Placement, Physics, Chemistry, College Credits,...
Technology education has progressed through several iterations over the past 100 years and continues to evolve as the primary medium for preparing children and youth in technological literacy. Over the past 20 years, technology education has worked diligently to move from a subject field where students primarily manipulated materials (industrial arts) to one of systematic instruction about technological systems and enterprises (technology education). The "Standards for Technological...
Topics: ERIC Archive, National Surveys, Educational Change, Foreign Countries, Technological Literacy,...
In 1993 Wicklein conducted a study to determine the present and the future critical issues and problems facing the technology education (TE) profession. The Wicklein study questioned 25 panelists from 15 states and the District of Columbia to ascertain the issues and problems facing TE. However, in the Wicklein study, only seven of the panelists were classroom teachers. The present study investigates the severity of these problems in schools today as perceived by current Indiana high school and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Technology Education, Graduation Requirements, Teacher Attitudes, Secondary School...
Many educators today have been unpretentious about regarding mainstream thought as the supreme channel through which knowledge is disseminated. This may be the product of minds that appreciate the mainstream's intellectual contribution, positively or otherwise, to humanity. However, the growing cultural diversity of the United States makes it incumbent on educators to have a better understanding of the diverging values, customs, and traditions among all learners with different multicultural...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Characteristics, Cultural Pluralism, Cognitive Processes, Teaching Methods,...
During the past century the U.S. family system has seen vast changes--in marriage and divorce rates, cohabitation, childbearing, sexual behavior, and women's work outside the home. Andrew Cherlin reviews these historic changes, noting that marriage remains the most common living arrangement for raising children, but that children, especially poor and minority children, are increasingly likely to grow up in single-parent families and to experience family instability. Cherlin describes the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Divorce, Marriage, Incidence, Marital Status, Parents, Attitude Change, Poverty,...
Over the past fifty years, powerful cultural and social forces have made marriage less central to Americans' family lives. In reaction, the United States is now engaged in a wide-ranging debate about the place of marriage in contemporary society. In this article, Steven Nock examines the national marriage debate. He begins by reviewing the social and demographic trends that have changed the role of marriage and the family: the weakening link between marriage and parenthood caused by the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Marriage, Role, Public Policy, Debate, Parents, Social Change, Fathers, Divorce,...
To provide an array of perspectives about policies needed to serve the growing number of children of immigrant families in the U.S., experts across various organizations and backgrounds were asked to respond to this question: "How should policymakers, advocates, stakeholders, and practitioners respond strategically and proactively to demographic change and increasing diversity in order to promote the healthy development, productivity, and well-being of American children into the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Child Health, Immigrants, Helping Relationship, Productivity, Well Being, Federal...
Several major demographic shifts over the past half-century have transformed who we are and how we live in this country in many ways. Most striking, however, is the fact that children today are much more likely to be members of ethnic or racial minority groups. Racial/ethnic minorities are destined, in aggregate, to become the numerical majority within the next few decades. This article presents a wide range of statistics reflecting cultural, family, social, economic, and housing circumstances...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Racial Differences, Socioeconomic Influences, Ethnicity, Poverty, Educational...
Background: Melanoma is a serious skin cancer that has been on the rise in the United States. Some genetic component is apparent. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify demographic, clinical, attitudinal, and health belief factors associated with intention to obtain genetic testing for hereditary melanoma among unaffected first-degree relatives of melanoma patients at low to moderate risk for hereditary melanoma. Methods: Using contact information provided by index cases diagnosed...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Age Differences, Demography, Attitude Measures, Health Education, Testing, Cancer,...
Large numbers of projected retirements have created the need for recruiting and preparing capable school leaders for the future. This study explored the characteristics of candidates in an administration preparation program, factors for their career decisions, and the implications of these factors for recruiting candidates and building stronger preparation programs. (Contains 4 tables and 1 figure.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Education, Instructional Leadership, Recruitment, Administrator...
This article presents the New England Journal of Higher Education (NEJHE) Trends & Indicators in Higher Education, featuring 64 tables and charts exploring New England's demography, high school performance and graduation, college enrollment, college graduation rates and degree production, higher education financing, and university research. The figures presented in this report are organized to correspond with the four goals of the New England Board of Higher Education's (NEBHE's)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Management Systems, School Readiness, Graduation Rate, Demography,...
New England higher education is about to experience a decade-long demographic crisis unlike anything in its history. While the crisis will significantly affect all six New England States, it will be most acute in the three northern states, as the competition for qualified high school graduates begins to intensify. The New England states, including its colleges and universities, will soon be competing aggressively for a dwindling number of prospective students. This article observes that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, High School Graduates, Declining Enrollment, Elementary Secondary...
This study identified the extent to which family factors increase school enrollment in Bolivia, after adjusting for human and financial capital. The sample was drawn from the 1998 Demographic and Health Survey. Logistic regression models were used to determine the effect of human capital, financial capital and family factors on school enrollment. Results of the study indicated that mother's education, the socioeconomic status of the family and the mother's knowledge of health issues all...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Human Capital, Socioeconomic Status, Health Education, Mothers, Foreign Countries,...
The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between self-efficacy and fat-related dietary behavior among a sample of first and second generation Chinese Americans living in New York City. A survey questionnaire was administered to a purposive sample of 743 Chinese Americans, ranging from ages 21 to 73. The questionnaire measured self-efficacy, fat-related dietary behaviors, demographic factors, and variables from social psychological theories. In the U.S.-born sample,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Food, Self Efficacy, Intention, Measures (Individuals), Chinese Americans, Eating...
To mark New England Board of Higher Education's (NEBHE) 50th anniversary year, "Connection" invited a small group of visionary commentators to submit short "statements" on the future of New England's economic and civic development, tomorrow's technologies and the changing shape of higher education. This article includes the following "statements": (1) In Search of New NEBHEs (Neal Peirce and Curtis Johnson); (2) Demography Is Still Destiny (Peter Francese); (3) New...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Demography, Futures (of Society), Economic Development, Human...
Midway through the first decade of the 21st century, New England innovation and creative capacity are being challenged by other regions of the nation and the world. New England needs foresight to understand what its emerging economic sectors need to thrive in a changing demography. The region is losing 20- to 34-year-olds and seeing a growing disparity in household incomes in every state. Some New Englanders are doing well; others are struggling. Some of its local governments offer the purest...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Taxes, Democracy, Demography, Economic Factors, Futures (of Society), Economic...
Back in 1978 when the author was a young lobbyist in Washington, D.C., she recalls a presentation about the demographic change that would reshape the United States over the following 25 years. Whites would no longer make up the majority of the population, and the speaker talked of a "minority majority." The changes that were forecast were dramatic but not imminent, so the talk received very little attention. Now, 25 years later, demographic projections still don't draw much attention....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Out of State Students, Higher Education, Demography, High School Graduates, College...
One challenge facing colleges and universities today is that an entire generation of scholars will be retiring in critical numbers over the next several years. A national survey conducted three years ago by the University of California at Los Angeles revealed that nearly one-third of the nation's full time professors were age 55 or older. Now, complicating the likely wave of faculty retirements, many higher education institutions nationwide will be experiencing budget cuts as deep as 5 percent....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Demography, Institutional Cooperation, Consortia, Aging...
It's no news that Australian academics, like Australian cricketers, are getting older (and perhaps tireder). But the exact dimensions of the sector's staffing crisis haven't been clear. Graham Hugo has been studying the figures in detail, and he suggests that the problem may in fact be worse than has been thought. Around a quarter of the academic workforce will retire in the next decade, and there's a "lost generation" where their replacements should be. (Contains 5 tables, 9 figures...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demography, College Faculty, Aging (Individuals), Teacher Supply and Demand,...
With the mandate of "No Child Left Behind," high-stakes achievement testing is firmly in place in every state. The few studies that have explored the effectiveness of high-stakes testing using NAEP scores have yielded mixed results. This study considered state demographic characteristics for each NAEP testing period in reading, writing, mathematics, and science from 1992 through 2002, in an effort to examine the relation of high-stakes testing policies to achievement and changes in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Legislation, Academic Achievement, High Stakes Tests, Standardized Tests,...
The purpose of this study was to determine pre-service teachers' perceptions regarding the management of behaviours in inclusive classrooms. An additional purpose was to gather data on the relationships between the teacher candidates' demographic information and their beliefs about managing misbehaviours in inclusive school environments. Survey research was chosen to acquire the pre-service teachers' perceptions. The population for this study was pre-service teachers in the Bachelor of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Inclusive Schools, Teacher Burnout, Foreign Countries, Stress Variables, Predictor...
This descriptive-correlational study predicted performance of beginning agricultural education teachers on principles of learning and teaching (PLT) and Agriculture content (AgC) tests of the PRAXIS II examination using demographic and academic variables. Performance on the PRAXIS II was used for issuing initial teaching licenses to the agricultural education teachers. The study used existing records from the Department Agricultural Education at Iowa State University. Professional education GPA...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Grade Point Average, Agricultural Education, Professional Education, Grade...
Grounded in integrated and excerpt style (Emerson, et al., 1995), this article chronicles Mr. Lehrer, an English teacher who provides his students access to standard and nonstandard writing conventions. Student writing samples and discursive practices illustrate enhanced awareness of distinctions between nonstandard language (African American Vernacular English and European American Vernacular English) and Standard English, against the backdrop of a suburban school experiencing problems of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Standard Spoken Usage, Suburban Schools, Working Class, Black Dialects, Demography,...
This paper reports the responses of 235 tertiary commerce students to a questionnaire in relation to their learning and assessment experiences. Significant correlations between measures were used to identify underlying constructs within the overall set of variable measures. Logistic regression incorporating the factors was then used to further distinguish differences between students on the basis of their ethnicity, gender and age. These three demographic characteristics highlighted...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Questionnaires, Predictor Variables, Gender Differences, Age...
In this paper, we discuss the implications for gifted students of challenges facing rural schools. We explore 4 challenges with particular relevance to rural schools: (a) declining population, (b) persistent poverty, (c) changing demographics, and (d) ongoing accountability requirements. Recommendations positioned to address these challenges include providing special instruction using distance education, making use of broad definitions of giftedness, making use of various acceleration...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Rural Schools, Academically Gifted, Distance Education, Talent, Population Trends,...
This study examined how demographic and psychological factors shape the involvement of Japanese mothers in their children's education. The five demographic variables studied were family income, maternal education, family size, mothers' employment status, and sex of the child. Three forms of parental cognition were also studied: mothers' aspirations for their children, parenting self-efficacy, and perceptions of the school. Survey data were obtained from 97 Japanese mothers with a second-grade...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Occupational Aspiration, Mothers, Family Income, Self Efficacy, Family Size, Parent...
Background: Childhood onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare disorder. Comparative data on the effect of differential age of onset on clinical profile in schizophrenia are very few. Method: Subjects with COS (n = 15), adolescence onset schizophrenia (AdOS, n = 20) and adulthood onset schizophrenia (AOS, n = 20) were compared on socio-demographic, clinical and genetic history parameters using Instrument for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset of Schizophrenia (IRAOS), Positive and Negative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Schizophrenia, Intelligence Quotient, Psychopathology, Children, Patients, Measures...
A discussion of the Demographic Transition is included in many Environmental Biology or Environmental Science classes. The Demographic Transition occurs as a nation becomes more urban and wealthy, and was widely observed in the twentieth century. The phenomenon includes decreasing family size (fewer children) across generations. In this classroom exercise, students provide numbers of children in past and future generations in their own families, and then the class analyzes the pooled data and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Environmental Education, Family Size, Biology, Population Trends, Demography, Models,...
This article examines the role of student demographic characteristics in standardized achievement test scores at both the individual level and aggregated at the state, district, school levels. For several data sets, the majority of the variance among states, districts, and schools was related to demographic characteristics. Where these background variables outside of the control of schools significantly affected averaged scores, and test scores result in high stakes consequences, benefits and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Legislation, Disadvantaged, Standardized Tests, Academic Achievement,...
The struggle against violent extremism is the most significant national-security challenge of the 21st century. It is the challenge that makes all the threats Americans face that much more dangerous. The ungoverned spaces, urban slums, and impoverished regions of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa, along with the poorly integrated immigrant communities in Western Europe, are the epicenters of vulnerability around the world that al Qaeda and other terrorist groups actively exploit. There has been...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Slums, Poverty, Terrorism, National Security, Demography, Young...
Although "access" to higher education has increased substantially over the past forty years, student "success" in college--as measured by persistence and degree attainment--has not improved at all. Thomas Brock reviews systematic research findings on the effectiveness of various interventions designed to help at-risk students remain in college. Brock shows how changes in federal policy and public attitudes since the mid-1960s have opened up higher education to women,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Community Colleges, Young Adults, Barriers, Access to Education,...
Almost 30 percent of the more than 68 million young adults aged eighteen to thirty-four in the United States today are either foreign born or of foreign parentage. As these newcomers make their transitions to adulthood, say Ruben Rumbaut and Golnaz Komaie, they differ significantly not only from one another but also from their native-parentage counterparts, including blacks and whites. The authors document the demographic changes in the United States over the past forty years and describe the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ethnic Groups, Young Adults, Social Mobility, Immigration, Labor Force, Immigrants,...
This pilot study proposes a set of analytical steps for comparing schools that participate in the National Science Foundation's Math and Science Partnership (MSP) Program and their intrastate non-participating peers. This pilot is part of a larger effort to evaluate the MSP Program's role in student achievement, along with two companion analyses. While our pilot study uses a comparative approach, the paper by Dimiter Dimitrov (this volume) follows a within-group design. The third analysis by...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Standardized Tests, Academic Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Cohort Analysis,...
This article explores the role of race in new millennium schools and its impact on students. Multicultural, psycho-social, and academic issues are addressed, and interventions for school counselors are discussed. Racially correlated disparities in K-12 education are apparent in: test scores, grades, retention and drop-out rates, identification for special education and gifted programs, extracurricular and co-curricular involvement, tracking, and disciplinary rates showing disproportionate...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Race, School Counseling, Intervention, Ethnic Groups, Student Diversity, School...
Background: Singapore is experiencing great demographic change. These demographic trends show fewer young people and declining birth rates, greater longevity for ageing generations and an increase in the number of non-Singaporean residents. Statistics also show that more than half of the total population increase in the last decades was contributed by non-resident (non-Singaporeans). These demographic trends have far-reaching implications for schools and educators. Aims: The paper looks at how...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Population Trends, Birth Rate, Lifelong Learning, Cultural Pluralism, Foreign...
Increases in immigrant children to U.S. preschools have introduced unique challenges to teachers. An awareness of disconnections between a homogeneous teaching population and the increasingly diverse student population calls for additional exploration of enhancing connections to facilitate the young immigrants' learning process in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to explore how photo narrations in which preschool teachers listened to immigrant children talk about their photos of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Immigrants, Teaching Methods, Preschool Curriculum, Migrant Children, Migrant...
In an age of knowledge, the capacities of professional and continuing education to open up new networks, overcome organizational hurdles, and foster an environment for innovation have assumed great relevance. This article makes the case as to why. It discusses key forces driving change--the knowledge economy, demographics, technology, and globalization--and reviews opportunities as well as threats arising therefrom. Finally, it explores why professional and continuing education units are well...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Professional Continuing Education, Global Approach, Continuing Education Units,...
Given the stressful nature of today's work place and understanding that stress in excess can have harmful health consequences, it is important to be able to identify sources of stress in order to form the proper coping mechanisms. The purpose of the study was to describe perceived administrative stress and its relationship to demographics among Interscholastic athletic directors. A total of 288 valid questionnaires consisting of demographic questions and utilizing a modified version of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Stress Variables, Physical Activities, Coping, Athletic Coaches, Questionnaires, High...
The purpose of this study was to compare the demographic characteristics of undergraduate smokers and non-smokers at a mid-sized, Mid-Atlantic university using an online survey. Five hundred ten students (77.7% response rate) participated. Data analysis revealed major, year, and athlete status were related to smoking, while gender and age were not. Twenty-three percent of participants reported being smokers, compared to 2.7% of athletes. Participants enrolled in health-related majors were half...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Health Education, Prevention, Data Analysis, Mail Surveys, Smoking, Use...
In this study, the researchers examined current challenges faced by 46 public school superintendents in South Texas. Challenges faced by these superintendents which were investigated in this study were: political obstacles/governance; high stakes testing; curriculum and instruction; funding; student socioeconomic status; student demographics; personnel ethics; a lack of highly-qualified teachers and paraprofessionals; a lack of educational diversity; and, student discipline. Through a survey...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Discipline, Tenure, Superintendents, Geographic Location, Barriers, Governance, High...
The main purpose of the study was to explore and describe the vocational training needs of 15-25 years old out-of-school youths in Bauchi Metropolis of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Specifically, the researchers sought to; describe their demographic characteristics, examine their vocational training needs, the influence of gender on the vocational needs, and also identify problems associated in their vocational training needs. The design for the study was survey that involved 128, 15-25 years old...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Needs, Adult Vocational Education, Foreign Countries, Vocational...
Block scheduling was established in response to educational reform measures and is the restructuring of the school day in longer class increments with fewer number of classes per day. The FFA, an intra-curricular component of the agricultural education, provides leadership opportunities and involvement within the classroom setting. This study assessed the impact block scheduling had on members' leadership involvement in the FFA. Twelve schools, six on block and six on traditional scheduling,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Block Scheduling, Scheduling, Student Attitudes, Agricultural Education, Program...
With the current reformation of school counseling and the increasing expectations of school counselors, all counselors' work activities include some Comprehensive School Counseling Program (CSCP) activities. This exploratory study focused on differential patterns among elementary, middle, and high school counselors' daily work activities and on several demographic variables. Significant differences were found across demographic variables for the school counselors and for each of the 20 work...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counseling Services, School Counseling, School Counselors, Predictor Variables,...
The purpose of the "State of the Literacy and Essential Skills Field" report is to provide an environmental scan showing the state of Literacy and Essential Skills (L/ES) across the country, from the perspective of the Canadian Literacy and Learning Network (CLLN) and its national network of partners, both within and outside the Literacy and Essential Skills field. Literacy and Essential Skills are part of the "right to learn" required for people to function effectively at...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Literacy, Basic Skills, Educational Assessment, Educational...
In 2011, a study by the Center for American Progress (CAP) found that the demographics of the teacher workforce had not kept up with student demographics and showed that students of color made up more than 40 percent of the school-age population. In contrast, teachers of color were only 17 percent of the teaching force. Since this time, the nation has only grown more diverse. Therefore, the authors decided to revisit the issue of teacher diversity, and calculated again their groundbreaking...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Diversity (Faculty), Minority Group Teachers, National Surveys, Elementary Secondary...
In 2010-11, Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) was in district-wide improvement as a result of failing to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in mathematics at the district level for the second consecutive year. This report examines student outcomes in 2010-11 as well as overall teacher outcomes and longitudinal results for schools targeted for three consecutive years of SIOP® training and support compared to matched schools not involved. SIOP® schools had a greater increase in students...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Districts, Educational Improvement, Improvement Programs, Program...