American Indians are among the most underrepresented and underserved groups in higher education. Fifty-one out of every 100 American Indians graduate from high school. Of these 1, only 7 percent will enroll in college and ultimately earn a bachelor's degree within six years. Some American-Indian students fail to complete their studies for financial reasons. Financial aid--whether in the form of grants, loans or student employment--is of critical importance for American Indians. There are a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Employment, American Indians, Federal Aid, Scholarships, Paying for College,...
This article captures how a web-based course, designed as a part of the School Leadership Grant Program, meets some challenges of leadership training and development. The content, structure and discussion board exercises of the sample course are designed to provide more reflective and practical opportunities for leader-learners to develop expertise. In addition, the article discusses the opportunities and problems that lie in the written form, including the rich information sources and e-mail...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Web Based Instruction, Leadership Training, Grants, Instructional Leadership,...
In Mark Greenberg's view, a national child care strategy should pursue four goals. Every parent who needs child care to get or keep work should be able to afford care without having to leave children in unhealthy or dangerous environments; all families should be able to place their children in settings that foster education and healthy development; parental choice should be respected; and a set of good choices should be available. Attaining these goals, says Greenberg, requires revamping both...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Poverty, Family Income, Tax Credits, Federal Government, Block Grants, Low Income...
To provide an array of perspectives about policies needed to serve the growing number of children of immigrant families in the U.S., experts across various organizations and backgrounds were asked to respond to this question: "How should policymakers, advocates, stakeholders, and practitioners respond strategically and proactively to demographic change and increasing diversity in order to promote the healthy development, productivity, and well-being of American children into the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Child Health, Immigrants, Helping Relationship, Productivity, Well Being, Federal...
Partnerships, especially the Professional Development School (PDS) model, between institutions of higher education (IHE) and public schools (PS), have become, if not commonplace, a successful model for teacher education. PDS teacher education projects in which preservice teachers and higher education faculty participate in school-based instruction have been established as both desirable and effective. However, implementing a PDS model in some settings often fails due to certain insurmountable...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teacher Education, Preservice Teachers, Schools of Education, Professional...
Educators, economists and policymakers agree that raising the level of achievement for more learners is important. Studies of global workforce competitiveness regularly point toward the goal of nearly everyone achieving skills and knowledge commensurate with at least two years of higher education. According to this author, educators have increased equity at the K-12 level for those least-served by their public education systems by demanding that the same standards be used for all learners....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Cultural Literacy, Graduation,...
In this new era of globalization, it is more important than ever for the American citizens to have a college education so they can obtain good jobs and have a fair chance at the American Dream, but it is becoming increasingly difficult for them to get such an education--including in New England. According to the most recent report of the College Board, the region's four-year colleges--both public and private--continue to be the most expensive in the nation. In this article, the author states...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Federal Aid, Student Loan Programs, Public Colleges, Student...
Almost 50 years ago, a New England Board of Higher Education (NEBHE) newsletter editorialized that "institutions of higher learning must not become devices to reverse our historic trend away from a class society. We should continue to open wider doors of opportunity for students of genuine ability without regard to (family) income." The Higher Education Act of 1965, with its commitment of federal support to new need-based student aid programs, and subsequent legislation establishing...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Federal Aid, Universities, Private Colleges, Family Income,...
Congress has begun to rewrite the Higher Education Act, the federal law that authorizes student aid programs like Pell Grants, student loans, Federal Work-Study, TRIO and GEAR UP. This will mark the eighth time that the law has been formally revisited since it was enacted in 1965. It is still early in the process and it is uncertain what the Congress will do. However, three issues should be on the radar screen of every senior campus administrator and trustee in the country: access to college...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Aid, Federal Legislation, Accountability, Student Financial Aid, Grants,...
Justin S. Morrill of Vermont began advocating for the Land Grant Act in the 1850s. The act's passage in 1862 provided a grant of 30,000 acres of public land for each member of a state's congressional delegation, to be sold to raise funds for the creation of agricultural and engineering colleges. While the original Land Grant provided grants of land to used or sold to create endowment for the new colleges, many people believed that the millennial land grant should focus in one way or another on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Land Grant Universities, Grants, Federal Aid, Federal Programs, Federal Legislation,...
This study examined the relationship between high-stakes testing pressure and student achievement across 25 states. Standardized portfolios were created for each study state. Each portfolio contained a range of documents that told the "story" of accountability implementation and impact in that state. Using the "law of comparative judgments," over 300 graduate-level education students reviewed one pair of portfolios and made independent evaluations as to which of the two...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Portfolios (Background Materials), Reading Achievement, Academic Achievement, High...
In response to the need to train teachers to effectively integrate technology into elementary and secondary education, a teacher professional development program funded by a federal grant provided a selection of instructional technology integration courses to K-12 teachers. This study investigated the impact of these courses on the course participants' self-efficacy in learning about and implementing instructional technology. The study also explored the differential effects of these courses on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Aid, Elementary Secondary Education, Self Efficacy, Technology Integration,...
Commonwealth funding formulae have caused Australian universities to become obsessed with maximising external research funding. Considerable pressure is applied to faculties, departments and scholars to apply for funding, and relative success in attracting it is given excessive weight in evaluating research performance. This may be productive in disciplines that require large amounts of research funding. But it can have many negative effects, especially in other disciplines, such as: (a) it is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Higher Education, Funding Formulas, Researchers, Faculty Workload,...
Financial aid systems help make higher education available to all who can benefit. To "adjust" the existing financial aid system to make it more student friendly and open doors currently closed to many part-time learners and students with the greatest financial challenges, state policy changes and greater private sector initiatives targeted at workforce can use creative strategies, including altering state-based programs, creating new learning tax incentives, coordinating...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Financial Aid, Educational Finance, Finance Reform, Financial Policy,...
The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education (CTE) Improvement Act was recently passed by Congress and signed into law by President Bush. Past and present Perkins legislation is examined in this paper in order to identify the roles and responsibilities of CTE teachers in meeting the current and future needs of the profession. This paper specifically focuses on three of the roles and responsibilities found within this legislation which include the title change to that of CTE, the inclusion...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Education Teachers, Student Development, Faculty, Federal Legislation,...
Currently, charter schools represent one of the fastest growing movements of educational reform. The first charter school opened in 1992 and there are now over 3,400 charter schools nationwide. Despite this growth, we are only beginning to learn about the performance and operation of these schools. This article adds to our knowledge of charter schools both by examining the finances of charter schools in California, which has more charter students than any other state, and by highlighting their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Charter Schools, Educational Finance, Financial Problems, Educational Equity...
An analysis was conducted of relevant documents published by federal and provincial governments and other French as a Second Language (FSL) stakeholders to examine whether governmental and school board policies are contributing to the general decline in status of FSL instruction in Canada. Federal documents published by the Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages, Canadian Heritage, and other branches of the Government of Canada were included in the analysis, as were provincial...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Official Languages, Educational Finance, Foreign Countries, Boards of Education,...
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) builds on a tradition of gradually increasing federal involvement in the nation's public school systems. NCLB both resembles and differs from earlier federal education laws. Over the past five decades, conservatives in Congress softened their objections to the principle of federal aid to schools and liberals downplayed fears about the unintended consequences of increased federal involvement. The belief in limited federal involvement in education has...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Aid, Federal Legislation, Government Role, Public Education, Accountability,...
Growing awareness of the importance of teacher quality in mathematics and science has stimulated a variety of national reports and funded initiatives for the purpose of improving teaching and learning in K-12 schools. This study examined the work of awardees in one federally-funded program that included a focus on increasing the number, quality, and diversity of mathematics and science teachers. Secondary data sources were used to understand representations of mathematics and science teacher...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Effectiveness, Teacher Characteristics, Elementary Secondary Education,...
Although there is extensive research pertaining to Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSI), it is primarily framed around the U.S. federal definition of Hispanic Serving Institutions established by Title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965. This law identifies HSI as institutions that have a Hispanic student population of at least 25 percent and "at least 50 percent of their Latino students are low-income individuals and that those institutions have nonprofit status" (as cited in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Aid, Hispanic American Students, Educational Policy, Financial Support,...
Educators know there is a disconnect between students' technology experience outside of school and what they use in the classroom. At home many students play and learn with an array of tools that are restricted, banned, or, in many cases, just not available at school. They also know that effectively infusing technology into the classroom does make a difference with students by motivating them, increasing their achievement, and engaging them in powerful ways. With the passage of the American...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Aid, Educational Technology, Technology Integration, Legislation, Student...
The present article attempts to study financing patterns of elementary education in Uttar Pradesh. A review of educational development in the state reveals that the goal of universalizing elementary education in a resource-poor state seems to be elusive in the near future. Neither the financing pattern of education per se nor elementary education in particular is conducive to achieving the target of universal elementary education. The magnitude of out-of-school children (leaving or dropped-out...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Development, Elementary Education, Foreign Countries, Financial Support,...
Despite many renewed possibilities for U.S. schools, fixing them remains a multifaceted problem. Clearly focusing on improving education for all American children requires a comprehensive understanding of global issues that will impact their future, along with cutting-edge interdisciplinary research from neuroscience, psychology, pediatrics, and education. Gains made in brain-based research and global education studies can directly influence delivery approaches within classrooms and teacher...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Education Programs, Comparative Education, Performance Factors, Financial...
Research has demonstrated that high rates of student mobility are associated with a range of negative academic outcomes, both for students who leave their schools and those who remain behind. The current study focused on mobility among those enrolled in charter schools in the state of Indiana. A multilevel Cox Proportional Hazards survival analysis model was used to identify significant predictors of student mobility within and from a state charter school system, using factors at both the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Charter Schools, Elementary School Students, Student Mobility, School Holding Power,...
For the past thirty-one years, the University of Hawai'i (UH) has worked in collaboration with the American Samoa Department of Education (ASDOE) and the American Samoa Community College (ASCC) to upgrade the professional level of American Samoa's elementary teachers. During these early years of the partnership, several UH professors served as consultants to the ASDOE in specific areas of curriculum and educational administration. These professors also provided in-service teacher training in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Partnerships in Education, Intercollegiate Cooperation, Inservice...
This article presents a study of the Collaboration Centers Project (CCP), which is a pseudonym for a three-year, federally-funded program that focused on helping in-service teachers better address the needs of English language learners (ELLs) in their classrooms. The CCP is important to study because of its clear intention to integrate real teachers--their understandings, voices, selves, and practices--into professional development by providing an experiential, collaborative and school-centered...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Second Language Learning, Teacher Collaboration, College School Cooperation,...
Professional learning for teachers is important if they are to be prepared for teaching in inclusive classrooms. This is particularly pertinent in Hong Kong where teachers have little personal experience of inclusion and where teaching continues to be didactic and examination oriented. Since Hong Kong implemented a whole school approach to inclusion in 2003, teachers have been able to access ad hoc courses, attend local conferences or seminars, or enroll in self-funded post graduate programs,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Self Efficacy, Foreign Countries, Basic Skills, Inclusive Schools, Teacher...
By the time he left office, President Bush's faith-based initiative had become a kind of stand-in for his entire presidency. Whenever something went wrong on Bush's watch it was tarred as yet another "faith-based" policy. As the 2008 presidential election began to take shape, with the Democrats newly in charge of both the House and the Senate and the most aggressively religious president of the modern era plummeting toward record-low poll numbers, there was hope among many that the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Civil Rights, Personnel Selection, Religion, Presidents, Political Issues, Religious...
This paper uses literature on faculty worklife and findings from a recent study conducted by the Federal Demonstration Partnership (FDP) to shed light on the sources and extent of administrative burden experienced by faculty engaged in federal grant research. Discussion focuses on the implications for research administrators, including strategies for designing faculty support services that take into account a variety of factors that motivate academic engagement.
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Faculty, Federal Aid, Research Administration, Productivity, Faculty...
The Food Safety Knowledge Network (FSKN) is a collaboration between Michigan State University, the Global Food Safety Initiative of the Consumer Goods Forum, and other food industry and public sector partners. FSKN's goal is to help strengthen the food industry's response to the complex food safety knowledge and training challenges that affect emerging markets by providing free access to high-quality, standardized learning resources. The resources were designed to be available on demand and as...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Developing Nations, Manufacturing, International Trade, Industry,...
Despite the substantial size of the population, relatively little research has focused on the status and experiences of undergraduate parents. Using descriptive analyses of data from the NPSAS:04, this study provides a starting point for campus administrators, public policymakers, and educational researchers who seek to identify ways to better understand the characteristics of this population. (Contains 4 tables.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Parents, Undergraduate Students, Enrollment Trends, Student Characteristics, Paying...
This article uses the 2005 Basic Classifications of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as a framing device through which to examine patterns of student financial aid at America's rural community colleges, which represent 64% of all U.S. community colleges. Rural community colleges serve more first-time, full-time students than suburban and urban community colleges, and their 3.2 million students have different patterns of student financial aid. Rural small and medium...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Student Financial Aid, Grants, Rural Schools, Trend Analysis,...
Qualified school construction bonds (QSCBs) are part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. These bonds allow school districts to finance capital projects at no or very low interest rates. In a nutshell, bondholders accept a lower interest rate because the corresponding federal tax credit they receive subsidizes that lower interest rate. The program was designed to stimulate building projects in a construction market where business was declining. The program's cost to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Tax Credits, School Construction, School Districts, Educational Finance, Bond Issues,...
The federal government has traditionally given local school districts an indirect subsidy by allowing them to issue tax-exempt bonds. Because the bondholders pay no tax on the interest income, they are willing to take a bond bearing interest at, say, 4.5% rather than 6%. Such lower interest is great for the school district because it saves the district the 1.5% difference in interest expense. On the other hand, it costs the federal government the tax revenue it would have received on 6% taxable...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Taxes, Tax Credits, School Construction, Educational Finance, School Districts, Bond...
The assistive technology (AT) field acknowledges that different stakeholders vary in their perspectives of service delivery outcomes. While the literature delineates consumers, caregivers and providers as stakeholders with distinct views, very little research documents these unique perspectives. This study reports on the perspectives of (a) research-based federally funded, and (b) commercial AT product developers. Developers who received federal funding in 2001 were queried on their outcomes...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Assistive Technology, Data, Manufacturing Industry, Federal Aid, Financial Support,...
The "No Child Left Behind" (NCLB) Act has failed to provide funds and programs envisioned by President George W. Bush. The Act's key tenets promised improved student learning and professional development for teachers, but changes in national priorities have prevented congress from meeting state requests for assistance. Schools are struggling with federal mandates for Adequate Yearly Progress and highly qualified teachers, and the outlook for additional resources is dim.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Legislation, Educational Improvement, Federal Programs, Educational Change,...
Noting that access to higher education has expanded dramatically in the past several decades, Sara Goldrick-Rab and Kia Sorensen focus on how unmarried parents fare once they enter college. Contrary to the expectation that access to college consistently promotes family stability and economic security, the authors argue that deficiencies in current policy lead college attendance to have adverse consequences for some families headed by unmarried parents. Although rates of college attendance have...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counseling Services, Community Colleges, State Aid, College Attendance, College...
An estimated five to seven and a half million students miss 18 or more days of school each year, or nearly an entire month or more of school, which puts them at significant risk of falling behind academically and failing to graduate from high school. Every student absence jeopardizes the ability of students to succeed at school and schools to achieve their mission. School attendance is a constant concern in schools. Average daily attendance rates are a common determiner of school funding, so...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attendance Patterns, At Risk Students, Truancy, Dropouts, Delinquency,...
Income-share agreements (ISAs) are an emerging idea for helping students pay for college. Under an ISA, investors provide upfront sums of money toward students' college tuition and other associated costs in exchange for a fixed percentage of the recipients' earnings after graduation. This paper--the first in a series examining private financing in higher education from a number of perspectives--provides an in-depth look at the ISA industry, detailing the potential of ISAs as a new and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Private Financial Support, Paying for College, Student Financial Aid, Income, Student...
The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) administers programs that assist in educating children and youth with disabilities and provides funding for vocational rehabilitation (VR) services for youth and adults with disabilities. OSERS established the Transition Steering Committee to focus specifically on the services, needs, and outcomes of youth with disabilities who may benefit from the work conducted and services authorized by its program component offices. OSERS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Rehabilitation, Disabilities, Youth, Access to Education, Financial...
The degree to which students are able to make adequate repayments on their student loans and avoid default is of special concern for colleges. If too many former students go into default, the college will face sanctions by the federal government and lose eligibility to provide currently enrolled students federal financial aid, such as the Pell grant. To avoid these sanctions, some colleges have chosen not to participate in federal loan programs by excluding loans from students' financial aid...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Loan Programs, Loan Repayment, Loan Default, College Students, Student...
The "Academic Year Report 2013-14" provides a snapshot of funding, facilities, staffing, and enrollments in Washington's community and technical colleges for the past academic year. The report also describes key measures of student outcomes and addresses the most frequently asked questions related to expenditures, personnel, and students. Additional demographic information regarding community and technical college students is available in the AYR 2013-14's companion publication: Fall...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Technical Institutes, Educational Finance, Financial Support,...
The purpose of the "State of the Literacy and Essential Skills Field" report is to provide an environmental scan showing the state of Literacy and Essential Skills (L/ES) across the country, from the perspective of the Canadian Literacy and Learning Network (CLLN) and its national network of partners, both within and outside the Literacy and Essential Skills field. Literacy and Essential Skills are part of the "right to learn" required for people to function effectively at...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Literacy, Basic Skills, Educational Assessment, Educational...
This "Academic Year Report 2012-13" provides a snapshot of funding, facilities, staffing, and enrollments in community and technical colleges in Washington state for the past academic year. The report also describes key measures of student outcomes and addresses the most frequently asked questions related to expenditures, personnel and students. The primary source of information for this document is the State Board for Community and Technical Colleges' (SBCTC) Data Warehouse, which is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Finance, Financial Support, Enrollment, Full Time Equivalency, Full Time...
Over the past few decades, many state departments of education have taken over low-performing schools or districts as a school turnaround strategy. Recently, that strategy has shifted to creating new districts--managed by the state--that include schools and parts of districts that face challenges in performance. The governance structure brings schools together based on similar needs, rather than on geographic proximity. This new state takeover strategy varies in terms of the level of state...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Districts, Faculty Development, State Action, School Turnaround, School...
Race to the Top (RTT) is a first-of-its kind $4.35 billion competitive grant program designed to spur state-level education innovation to boost student achievement, close achievement gaps, and prepare students for college and careers. Originally authorized in 2009 under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, RTT encourages states to develop and implement key reform strategies around four core components: (1) Adopting rigorous college- and career-ready standards and assessments; (2)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation, Federal Programs, Federal Aid,...
Earning a college degree or credential can be life changing and economically sustaining. That is why it is critically important that America's system of public colleges remain affordable for all Americans. However, Center for American Progress (CAP) analysis estimates that annual student-loan borrowing increased by $17 billion in the five years since the beginning of the Great Recession. Moreover, annual borrowing per student increased by a median of $1,285 during that same time span. An...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Public Colleges, Debt (Financial), Student Loan Programs, Paying for College, Access...
The United States tax code is full of provisions designed to encourage or reward specific behaviors, such as owning a home or saving for retirement. Tax benefits for higher education are no exception: Contributions to some college savings accounts grow tax-free, college tuition is often tax deductible, and some student-loan borrowers are able to deduct the interest paid on their student loans just as they would the interest paid on their mortgage. These higher education tax provisions have...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Taxes, Tax Credits, Higher Education, Paying for College, Access to Education, Family...
In a 2012 paper for the Center for American Progress, "The State of Evaluation Reform," Patrick McGuinn (Drew University) identified the opportunities and challenges facing education agencies in Race to the Top (RTTT) grant-winning states as they prepared for the implementation of new teacher evaluation systems. The 2012 study undertook in-depth comparative case studies of six states: Tennessee, Colorado, Delaware, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania. For this paper the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, State Departments of Education, Teacher Evaluation, Beginning Teachers, Program...
It has been three years since Race to the Top grant-winning states piloted new teacher evaluation systems and many of them have made considerable progress, yet according to media coverage and a Government Accountability Office (GAO) report published in April 2015, struggles remain and most grantees have asked to extend the timetables for completing this work. Given the enormous importance and complexity of these reforms--and the fact that states vary widely in the timing, approach, and success...
Topics: ERIC Archive, State Departments of Education, State Policy, Teacher Evaluation, Program...