All across the country, critical educators are fighting on dozens of fronts, searching in both form and content for a coherent pedagogical expression that captures their opposition to what they perceive as major developments of world-historical importance: the pandemic of economic globalization; United States geopolitical imperialism and the rabid manner in which the Bush administration crazed with success is defining and responding to the current war on terrorism; the linking of patriotism to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Critical Theory, Global Approach, Educational Change, Foreign Policy, Politics of...
Among the many movements of modern times for the advancement of civilization and the relief of humanity from unnecessary burdens of expenditure and of paralyzing fear, none is more significant than that for arbitration and world-wide peace. This movement has been made possible by the education of the masses of the people in all the more progressive countries of the world, and will succeed finally only as education becomes more universal. Like all great constructive movements for the uplift and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Studies, Educational Methods, Instructional Materials, World Problems,...
At its Summer 2003 meeting, the Business-Higher Education Forum (BHEF) engaged the questions of America's role in the post-Sept.11, 2001 world. Following a series of panel presentations, BHEF members specifically examined the important issues of sustaining, legitimating, and using American power. Six major foreign policy challenges facing the United States were identified: (1) Defeating Islamist terrorism; (2) Stemming the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; (3) Extending the benefits...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Global Approach, International Relations, Foreign Countries,...
This document includes the following issues of this journal: volume 18, number 3, Summer 2002; volume 18, number 4, Fall 2002; volume 19, number 2, Spring 2003; and volume 19, number 3, Summer 2003. The summer 2002 issue of "The Bill of Rights in Action" views problems related to victims of war. It focuses on the internment of Japanese Americans in camps during World War II, the court case that upheld it as constitutional, and subsequent attempts to compensate those held in the camps;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ancient History, Black Leadership, Capitalism, Civil Rights, Discussion (Teaching...
The roots of international law are long and ancient. Archaeologists have unearthed treaties between two Mesopotamian rulers dating back to 3100 B.C. Of all the ancient peoples, the development of modern international law owes the most to the Romans. The 20th century saw two attempts to bring world order through the use of international organizations, the League of Nations and the United Nations. Both were designed as a forum for settling international conflict, a source for international law,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Censorship, Conflict Resolution, Discussion (Teaching Technique), Foreign Countries,...
This document, a handbook for teaching peace education, is for use as part of a carefully planned strategy to achieve both the substantive and normative goals of peace education. Objectives include knowledge of the causes of violence and injustice and the possibilities of transcending them and attitudes favoring the behavioral and structural changes such transcendence will require. The handbook provides a counterbalance to most mainstream curricula that assume the inevitability of most...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Controversial Issues (Course Content), Developing Nations,...
This guide is to help students become more aware of the wide variety of United Nations' (UN) activities taking place in the world; to give students an interest in the affairs of the UN; and to lay the foundations for continuing interest in the UN. In this activity students read articles of recent world events in which the UN has been involved, then follow up with discussion and writing activities. A reference list of UN organizations and conferences for further activities is included. Students...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict, Developed Nations, Developing Nations, Elementary Secondary Education,...
Procedures for the operation of the Political-Military Exercise (PME) are detailed in this handbook as a means of involving political science students in the actual dynamics of international policy-making decisions through the PME game experience. Two basic designs for operating the simulation exercise are presented with a discussion of the format alternatives, facilities, materials, and administrative techniques required for each design. The first design, a 1- or 2-day concentrated game,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Decision Making, Foreign Policy, Game Theory, Games, International Relations,...
Of primary concern in this article are the long range qualitative effects that the recent Congressional cutbacks in appropriations for the 1969 educational and cultural exchange programs will have upon the national interest. Brief introductory sections cite the historical background of the American commitment to these exchanges and the immediate quantitative effects of the cutbacks on the overall program. The major portion of the document examines the effects of the Congressional action in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Exchange, Exchange Programs, Federal Aid, Federal Programs, Financial Needs,...
This publication, latest in a series of volumes issued annually since 1960, contains primary source documents on arms control and disarmament developments during 1969. The main chronological arrangement is supplemented by both chronological and topical lists of contents. Other reference aids include a subject/author index, and lists of abbreviations, international organizations, conferences, and persons. Among other things, contents include: documents and statements originating from national...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agencies, Armed Forces, Bibliographies, Disarmament, Federal Government, Foreign...
This annual report surveys activities of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) and summarizes disarmament developments for the calendar year 1968. An act of Congress states that ACDA must have such a position within the Government that it can provide the President, the Secretary of State, other officials of the executive branch, and the Congress with recommendations concerning United States arms control and disarmament policy, and can assess the effect of these recommendations upon our...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agencies, Annual Reports, Armed Forces, Disarmament, Federal Government, Foreign...
This course of instruction, one of a series of curriculum guides revised to fit the quinmester administrative organization of schools, attempts to prepare tenth through twelfth grade students to deal with complex war-peace issues. The model framework allows the teacher to use the total guide or to select certain ideas. The guide is divided into four sections: 1) provision of descriptive and goal oriented information, in which thought processes are accented; 2) an outline of course content...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activity Units, Aggression, Behavioral Objectives, Cognitive Processes, Conflict,...
The simulation game "Conflict", stressing decision making in foreign policy, has several specific objectives which are: 1) to demonstrate the complexity of decision making in foreign policy; 2) to raise questions on foreign relations; 3) to make students aware of problems in world affairs; 4) to help students understand relationships that exist between nations; and, 5) to gain insight into the difficulty of putting theory into actual practice. Conflict in the Middle East is a brief...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Activities, Conflict, Developing Nations, Educational Games, Foreign Policy,...
This consultant paper is intended to provide information useful to a goal of this curriculum development project in the war/peace field, that is to encourage students to search intelligently for alternatives to war. The most fundamental assumptions used in thinking about international law are described, including some assumptions about systemic relationships. Several conceptual models of arrangements for management, settlement, or the outright prevention of conflict are presented to define...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conceptual Schemes, Conflict Resolution, Court Litigation, Foreign Policy,...
The accelerated pace of society suggests that social education be clearly formulated from a conceptual golobal framework, recognizing the oneness of earth and man's sharing of a common fate, and that the curriculum be designed from a point of view toward improving international understanding. Effective approaches in international relations programs include: 1) a breakdown of sharp distinctions between studies of American and of other societies; 2) an interdisciplinary approach; 3) recognition...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, Cross Cultural Studies, Educational Objectives, Elementary...
A twelfth grade quinmester course designed to give the student an objective overview of the development of Communism vis-a-vis Americanism (Democracy) is outlined in this guide. The course focuses on what each way of life represents and their respective positions in world politics. Included are case studies in communist expansion, the communist involvement in the developing areas, and United States response to deter the spread of Communism. Strategies for coexistence of the two systems are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activity Units, Behavioral Objectives, Communism, Curriculum Guides, Democracy,...
The article begins with a summary of the events concerned with the invasion of Czechoslovakia by troops of the Soviet Union in August 1968 and places these events in the general context of East-West relations at that time. The author then uses the response to this crisis in foreign relations as an illustration of the function of international broadcasting in providing free flow of information across national borders. He describes the functions of the British Broadcasting Corporation, the Voice...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Policy, Imperialism, Information Dissemination, International Relations, Mass...
The resource unit prepares seventh through twelfth grade students for peace, helping them to develop an interest in peace, to realize that it is possible, and to recognize their future role in peacekeeping. Activities are included which help the student understand and assess his own and others' attitudes and beliefs toward peace; examine the social, economic, and political reasons for war; analyze human and environmental problems resulting from war; investigate the aims of the national and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activity Units, Conflict Resolution, Foreign Policy, Human Relations, International...
This is the third of seven resource units for a twelfth grade course on value conflicts and policy decisions. The topic for this unit is the underdeveloped countries. The objectives are listed as to generalizations, skills, and values. The double-page format relates objectives to pertinent content, teaching procedures, and instructional materials. This unit focuses on the problems of underdeveloped countries around the world in order to understand the relationship of these problems to foreign...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anthropology, Course Content, Developing Nations, Economic Development, Economics...
This is the sixth of seven resource units for a twelfth grade course on value conflicts and policy decisions. The topic for this unit is war and peace. The objectives are listed as to generalizations, skills, and values. The double-page format related objectives to pertinent content, teaching procedures, and instructional materials. This unit deals with the costs of war, with people's attitudes towards war, and with the causes of war. Pupils investigate the international system and the means...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Course Content, Current Events, Educational Objectives, Foreign...
The INTELSAT (International Telecommunications Satellite) agreement was reached because of the desirability of continuing the development of a telecommunications satellite system. INTELSAT's aim was to achieve a single global commercial system as part of an improved global telecommunications network which will provide expanded services to all areas of the world and contribute to world peace and understanding. This document represents a multilateral agreement to set up INTELSAT, a list of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication (Thought Transfer), Communications Satellites, Foreign Policy,...
A meeting of 30 China scholars and specialists in foreign affairs was held May 5-7, 1974, to explore the views and interpretations held by the group on timely issues of United States-China relations. This report outlines and elaborates the issues defined by the conference participants, provides brief background about each, and summarizes the range of opinions expressed on the subject. The issues reported on are domestic, political, and economic developments in China; the Sino-Soviet conflict;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Armed Forces, Conference Reports, Disarmament, Economic Factors, Foreign Countries,...
A simulation designed for an introductory college-level international politics and comparative foreign policy course is described. Regional Crisis requires student decision-maker diplomats, grouped in teams, to respond to a Middle Eastern crisis that has substantial potential for escalation. In response to an initial crisis scenario, student teams representing various Middle Eastern countries suggest policy decisions based on the expected costs, risks, and gains that may be expected from the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Decision Making, Foreign Policy, Higher Education, International...
This report is based on a visit of the World Affairs Delegation to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in October 1975. The delegation was composed of 18 executives from U.S. organizations whose purpose was to develop an American understanding of world affairs. Observations are reported which are pertinent as evidence of the value of such exchanges and for suggesting how China might relate to world affairs in the near future. Specifically examined are Chinese foreign views encountered during...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Chinese Culture, Developing Nations, Exchange Programs, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
The purpose of this conference of news executives from Japan and the United States was to exchange views on the relationship of the two nations and to identify areas of common concern. In general, it was agreed that the two nations are getting along very well despite their cultural differences. The first session dealt with the U.S. role in Asia. The consensus was that Japan has taken the U.S. pullout from Southeast Asia in stride and is exerting its own influence as best possible diplomatically...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conferences, Cultural Differences, Economics, Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy,...
The report discusses issues relating to multilateral disarmament in the context of the Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly to be convened in 1978. Intended as a forum for the exchange of ideas of government leaders from the United States and other nations about the international peace-keeping role of the United Nations, the Conference ordered discussion topics so that they would parallel the agenda proposed for the United Nations Special Session. The four-part agenda is as...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conference Reports, Conflict Resolution, Disarmament, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
The report discusses issues relating to arms limitation and disarmament. Leaders in U. S. government, professionals from a wide spectrum of disciplines, and other international statesmen participated in the conference in an attempt to define a more enlightened foreign policy. Six major topics were discussed. The first report considered five components of multilateral disarmament mechanisms (information, study, deliberation, negotiation, and follow-up). The second report analyzed present and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conference Reports, Conflict Resolution, Disarmament, Economic Factors, Foreign...
The booklet summarizes proceedings of a conference coordinated by the Ohio Arms Control Study Group (OACSG) on the topic of United States-USSR relations and the influence of nuclear weapons upon international behavior and strategic thought. The OACSG is composed of faculty members from Ohio colleges and universities who have a vocational or avocational interest in contemporary arms control questions. Three main speakers during the first day of the conference discussed the emotional nature of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conference Reports, Disarmament, Ethics, Foreign Policy, International Relations,...
The purpose of the essay is to stimulate action toward disarmament, defined as arms reductions to the lowest level possible without making internal law enforcement impossible. Intended as a guide for peace activists, the booklet identifies 13 issues that hold promise for leading toward a disarmed world: banning nuclear tests, tests of new missiles, proliferation of nuclear weapons, and incendiary and chemical weapons; limiting strategic arms, the use of nuclear weapons, international arms...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activism, Citizen Participation, Conflict, Conflict Resolution, Disarmament, Foreign...
This publication expresses the major concerns and opinions of legislators and others on the topic of world trade in conventional arms. The Congressional Hearing where these testifiers expressed their opinions was held in 1977, at Des Moines Community College in Ankeny, Iowa. Testimony was given by high school students, university professors, foundation research directors, military personnel, writers, and members of political organizations. Cosponsored by the Iowa Division of the United Nations...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Armed Forces, Conflict, Debate, Disarmament, Economic Factors, Employment, Exports,...
The document presents a report of a conference to stimulate study, research, and education in the field of foreign relations. The report contains summaries of small group discussions of peace and security, economic order, development, resource/population balance, the environment, and human rights. It is presented in six sections. Section I summarizes discussion of non-proliferation strategy for the late 1970s. One major proposal was to create multinational nuclear power centers. Section II...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Civil Liberties, Conference Reports, Conflict Resolution, Decision Making Skills,...
This publication is a summary of the world energy situation and its impact on the United States. A brief review of some interrelated diplomatic, commercial, and technical aspects of the energy crisis and their implications for the U.S. and its foreign policy is presented first. Next, discussions of world supplies, uses and problems with different fuels including fossil fuels, solar, wind, nuclear, and geothermal are given. The distinction is made between resources and reserves. Finally, a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Energy, Energy Conservation, Foreign Policy, Fuel Consumption, Fuels, Futures (of...
This book contains ten articles which discuss education for a world view. In a democratic society there is a need for wide public understanding of the country's national and international policies. One article "The End of Innocence" discusses the rapidly, changing, and complex world in which we live and points out certain fallacies which must be avoided. These fallacies include thinking that we live in a bipolar world, fear of negotiation, and the belief that there exists an...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Seniors, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Policy, Global Approach,...
Recognizing that science and technology (S/T) have become increasingly relevant to important public policy issues, Congress has mandated the periodic preparation of a "Five Year Outlook for Science and Technology" to help U.S. policymakers anticipate and deal with these issues more effectively. This book, the result of a study conducted by the American Association for the Advancement of Science for the second such "Outlook," identifies and explores domestic and international...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agriculture, Depleted Resources, Developing Nations, Energy, Environmental Standards,...
Knowing that national leaders frequently make decisions based on perceptions of their country's interests, the 1984 conference focused on national interests in turning to the United Nations. Through the use of case studies, participants examined the performance of the UN system and the consequences of member nations ignoring their obligation to resolve disputes peacefully. Lessons were drawn from the study of actual conflicts: chiefly, that the United Nations can be used more effectively to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Case Studies, Conflict Resolution, Foreign Policy, International Organizations,...
The conference considered a broad range of issues regarding nuclear nonproliferation and U.S. policy objectives for the nonproliferation regime both in the near term and long term. Major areas receiving particular attention were developments affecting the context of the nonproliferation debate; the present status of the nonproliferation regime; threats to the future of nonproliferation; the 1985 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference; and U.S. objectives regarding the implementation...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disarmament, Foreign Policy, Futures (of Society), International Relations, Nuclear...
This examination of the treatment given to peace and security issues in American social studies textbooks begins by summarizing the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) Curriculum Guidelines and a 1983 study of high school social studies topic priorities. Following a review of past textbook studies and a brief discussion of textbook treatment of foreign policy, the paper uses four major topics (propaganda, U.S./Latin American relations, the war in Vietnam, and nuclear war) to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Controversial Issues (Course Content), Foreign Policy, National...
This U.S. presidential commission report outlines specific recommendations for eliminating world hunger in the 1980's. Following a summarization of world hunger problems, the report addresses specific ways to deal with world hunger. Short-term goals include taking immediate action to ensure that poor people are not hungry, assuring that infants and children are adequately nourished, eliminating diseases resulting from specific nutritional deficiencies, and providing disaster relief. Long-term...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Developed Nations, Developing Nations, Foreign Policy, Global Approach, Government...
Topics concerned with the experiments and problems of self-rule in Third World societies are presented in nine essays. The essays are: (1) "Democracy in Iran: The Untenable Dream" (John D. Stempel); (2) "Afghanistan's Struggle for National Liberation" (Hafizullah Emadi); (3) "Turkey's Experience with Political Democracy" (Paul J. Magnarella); (4) "Reasons for the Failure of Democracy in African Countries Which Have Become Independent Since 1960" (Roland...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Democracy, Developed Nations, Developing Nations, Dissent,...
Designed to explore the interests and objectives of U.S. foreign policy, this book addresses: (1) national security and arms control; (2) economic programs and trends; (3) human rights efforts; (4) science and technological developments; (5) relationships with various world regions; and (6) the need for an adequate foreign affairs budget. Chapter 1, "The Interests and Objectives of American Foreign Policy" considers the Reagan administration's role as a global force for prosperity,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Budgets, Civil Rights, Disarmament, Economic Development, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
This document describes a National Security Council (NSC) role playing exercise designed to introduce students to the complexities and dynamics of U.S. foreign policy crisis management. Based upon the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) program, "In the Face of Terrorism," this classroom exercise casts students as NSC team members charged with the responsibility of responding to a hypothetical airline hijacking incident. Following a review of the organization and the structure of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Activities, Crisis Management, Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy, Higher...
The Stanley Foundation annually assembles a panel of experts from the public and private sectors to assess specific foreign policy issues and to recommend future direction. The participants in the round-table discussion summarized in this report agreed that the Soviets are moving from a Marxist-Leninist version of socialism to a broader version, and that Gorbachev appears to be ready to bring in a new form of Soviet socialism, in which both the selfless and self-interested urges of people are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Area Studies, Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy, Global Approach, Government Role,...
This report summarizes the roundtable discussion of 19 China experts at a conference on the development of U.S. policy convened four months after the democracy demonstrations that took place in China in spring, 1989. The group's discussion highlighted five major areas of uncertainty over China's course in the short-term to intermediate future: (1) the extent of changes in Chinese life caused by the abrupt political changes of May and June 1989, and the eroding economy; (2) understanding key...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Chinese Culture, Current Events, Developing Nations, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
In April of 1990, a three-day conference was convened at which 76 men and women from 18 countries representing a spectrum of government, business, labor, academia, the media, and the professions gathered to discuss how the United State should reorient its policies and relations toward other countries and international institutions to preserve the global environment. This document is a statement produced by the conference participants after the close of their discussions. The statement contends...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conservation (Environment), Environment, Environmental Influences, Foreign Policy,...
This program guide assists in discussions of critical social and political issues by providing a framework for considering which conditions warrant a use of military force. The guide examines the question from two different but related angles: military force and those reasons for war most commonly offered. The document includes the following sections: (1) "Are There Reasonable Grounds for War?"--A Framework for Discussion; (2) A Summary of Major Discussion Points; (3) Part 1, Ethical...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Discussion Groups, Ethics, Foreign Policy, International Relations,...
This document reports on the tenor and outcomes of the National Issues Forums held in 1991-92 on three issues. The report draws upon three resources: short participant questionnaires, descriptions from groups' convenors, and detailed analysis of the taped proceedings of 10 groups. The report is organized in three sections, each consisting of a report from the forums and excerpts from the public response to each issue by a group of representatives from the national media and Congress who met to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Citizen Participation, Citizenship Education, Citizenship...
This ERIC Digest discusses issues relating to teaching about U.S. foreign policy in the changing international environment following the end of the Cold War era and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The document treats: (1) the need and rationale for teaching and learning about current foreign policy issues; (2) main themes in foreign policy education in the post-Cold War era; (3) balance, inquiry, and decision making in the classroom; and (4) current classroom materials. The U.S. public...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Development, Decision Making, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign...
This brief issues booklet provides basic information about the emerging democracy in the Philippines, as of 1989. The topics covered include the following: (1) "All in the Family"; (2) "The American Legacy"; (3) "An Enduring Presence"; (4) "Revolution: The Overthrow of President Marcos"; and (5) "Democracy Restored: Cory Aquino Victorious." A list of discussion questions and a 15-item annotated reading list conclude the booklet. (EH)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Colonialism, Conflict, Diplomatic History, Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy, Global...
This brief issues booklet provides basic information about the role of the Catholic Church in Poland, the erosion of Communist party leadership over the past year (as of 1981), the rise of the Solidarity Union and the economic problems plaguing the Polish people. An introduction is followed by the following sections: (1) "History of a Millennium"; (2) "Communist Poland"; (3) "Solidarity"; (4) "Church, Farm, and Freedom"; (5) "Poland between East and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Catholics, Communism, Conflict, Diplomatic History, Foreign Countries, Foreign...
This brief issues booklet provides basic information about the arms control issue in Europe, as of 1988. The table of contents includes the following: (1) "Trying Again"; (2) "Prelude to Arms Control"; (3) "The First Attempts: MBFR (Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions) and CSCE (Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe); (4) "CAFE (Conventional Armed Forces in Europe): The Political and Military Environment"; (5) "The Future of Conventional Arms...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Armed Forces, Conflict, Diplomatic History, Disarmament, Foreign...